A `package_id` type

src/dds/package_id.cpp

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+#include <dds/package_id.hpp>
+
+#include <spdlog/fmt/fmt.h>
+
+#include <tuple>
+
+using namespace dds;
+
+package_id package_id::parse(std::string_view s) {
+    auto at_pos = s.find('@');
+    if (at_pos == s.npos) {
+        throw std::runtime_error(fmt::format("Invalid package ID string '{}'", s));
+    }
+
+    auto name    = s.substr(0, at_pos);
+    auto ver_str = s.substr(at_pos + 1);
+
+    return {std::string(name), semver::version::parse(ver_str)};
+}
+
+std::string package_id::to_string() const noexcept { return name + "@" + version.to_string(); }

src/dds/package_id.hpp

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+#pragma once
+
+#include <semver/version.hpp>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace dds {
+
+struct package_id {
+    std::string     name;
+    semver::version version;
+
+    static package_id parse(std::string_view);
+    std::string       to_string() const noexcept;
+
+    auto tie() const noexcept { return std::tie(name, version); }
+
+    friend bool operator<(const package_id& lhs, const package_id& rhs) noexcept {
+        return lhs.tie() < rhs.tie();
+    }
+    friend bool operator==(const package_id& lhs, const package_id& rhs) noexcept {
+        return lhs.tie() == rhs.tie();
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace dds

src/dds/package_id.test.cpp

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+#include <dds/package_id.hpp>
+
+#include <catch2/catch.hpp>
+
+TEST_CASE("Package package ID strings") {
+    struct case_ {
+        std::string_view string;
+        std::string_view expect_name;
+        std::string_view expect_version;
+    };
+    auto [id_str, exp_name, exp_ver] = GENERATE(Catch::Generators::values<case_>({
+        {"foo@1.2.3", "foo", "1.2.3"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3-beta", "foo", "1.2.3-beta"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3-alpha", "foo", "1.2.3-alpha"},
+    }));
+
+    auto pk_id = dds::package_id::parse(id_str);
+    CHECK(pk_id.to_string() == id_str);
+    CHECK(pk_id.name == exp_name);
+    CHECK(pk_id.version.to_string() == exp_ver);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Package ordering") {
+    enum order {
+        less_than,
+        equivalent_to,
+        greater_than,
+    };
+    struct case_ {
+        std::string_view lhs_pkg;
+        order            ord;
+        std::string_view rhs_pkg;
+    };
+
+    auto [lhs_str, ord, rhs_str] = GENERATE(Catch::Generators::values<case_>({
+        {"foo@1.2.3", greater_than, "bar@1.2.3"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3", greater_than, "foo@1.2.2"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3", equivalent_to, "foo@1.2.3"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3", equivalent_to, "foo@1.2.3+build-meta"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3", greater_than, "foo@1.2.3-alpha"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3-alpha.1", greater_than, "foo@1.2.3-alpha"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3-alpha.2", greater_than, "foo@1.2.3-alpha.1"},
+        {"foo@1.2.3-beta.2", greater_than, "foo@1.2.3-alpha.1"},
+        {"foo@0.1.2-alpha", less_than, "foo@1.0.0"},
+    }));
+
+    auto lhs = dds::package_id::parse(lhs_str);
+    auto rhs = dds::package_id::parse(rhs_str);
+
+    if (ord == less_than) {
+        CHECK(lhs < rhs);
+    } else if (ord == equivalent_to) {
+        CHECK(lhs == rhs);
+    } else if (ord == greater_than) {
+        CHECK_FALSE(lhs == rhs);
+        CHECK_FALSE(lhs < rhs);
+    }
+}