T4 - Missing Core files

Sketches that includes String objects did not compile, so simply copy the wstring.cpp from Teensy3 directory.

Likewise sketches that used stream functions like:
Serial1.readBytes would not compile as the Stream  sources were not included.

So  likewise copied over from Teensy3 directory

teensy4/Stream.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+/*
+ Stream.cpp - adds parsing methods to Stream class
+ Copyright (c) 2008 David A. Mellis.  All right reserved.
+
+ This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+
+ Created July 2011
+ parsing functions based on TextFinder library by Michael Margolis
+ */
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#define PARSE_TIMEOUT 1000  // default number of milli-seconds to wait
+#define NO_SKIP_CHAR  1  // a magic char not found in a valid ASCII numeric field
+
+// private method to read stream with timeout
+int Stream::timedRead()
+{
+  int c;
+  unsigned long startMillis = millis();
+  do {
+    c = read();
+    if (c >= 0) return c;
+    yield();
+  } while(millis() - startMillis < _timeout);
+  return -1;     // -1 indicates timeout
+}
+
+// private method to peek stream with timeout
+int Stream::timedPeek()
+{
+  int c;
+  unsigned long startMillis = millis();
+  do {
+    c = peek();
+    if (c >= 0) return c;
+    yield();
+  } while(millis() - startMillis < _timeout);
+  return -1;     // -1 indicates timeout
+}
+
+// returns peek of the next digit in the stream or -1 if timeout
+// discards non-numeric characters
+int Stream::peekNextDigit()
+{
+  int c;
+  while (1) {
+    c = timedPeek();
+    if (c < 0) return c;  // timeout
+    if (c == '-') return c;
+    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c;
+    read();  // discard non-numeric
+  }
+}
+
+// Public Methods
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+void Stream::setTimeout(unsigned long timeout)  // sets the maximum number of milliseconds to wait
+{
+  _timeout = timeout;
+}
+
+ // find returns true if the target string is found
+bool  Stream::find(const char *target)
+{
+  return findUntil(target, NULL);
+}
+
+// reads data from the stream until the target string of given length is found
+// returns true if target string is found, false if timed out
+bool Stream::find(const char *target, size_t length)
+{
+  return findUntil(target, length, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+// as find but search ends if the terminator string is found
+bool  Stream::findUntil(const char *target, const char *terminator)
+{
+  return findUntil(target, strlen(target), terminator, strlen(terminator));
+}
+
+// reads data from the stream until the target string of the given length is found
+// search terminated if the terminator string is found
+// returns true if target string is found, false if terminated or timed out
+bool Stream::findUntil(const char *target, size_t targetLen, const char *terminator, size_t termLen)
+{
+  size_t index = 0;  // maximum target string length is 64k bytes!
+  size_t termIndex = 0;
+  int c;
+
+  if( *target == 0)
+     return true;   // return true if target is a null string
+  while( (c = timedRead()) > 0){
+    if( c == target[index]){
+    //////Serial.print("found "); Serial.write(c); Serial.print("index now"); Serial.println(index+1);
+      if(++index >= targetLen){ // return true if all chars in the target match
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    else{
+      index = 0;  // reset index if any char does not match
+    }
+    if(termLen > 0 && c == terminator[termIndex]){
+       if(++termIndex >= termLen)
+         return false;       // return false if terminate string found before target string
+    }
+    else
+        termIndex = 0;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+// returns the first valid (long) integer value from the current position.
+// initial characters that are not digits (or the minus sign) are skipped
+// function is terminated by the first character that is not a digit.
+long Stream::parseInt()
+{
+  return parseInt(NO_SKIP_CHAR); // terminate on first non-digit character (or timeout)
+}
+
+// as above but a given skipChar is ignored
+// this allows format characters (typically commas) in values to be ignored
+long Stream::parseInt(char skipChar)
+{
+  boolean isNegative = false;
+  long value = 0;
+  int c;
+
+  c = peekNextDigit();
+  // ignore non numeric leading characters
+  if(c < 0)
+    return 0; // zero returned if timeout
+
+  do{
+    if(c == skipChar)
+      ; // ignore this charactor
+    else if(c == '-')
+      isNegative = true;
+    else if(c >= '0' && c <= '9')        // is c a digit?
+      value = value * 10 + c - '0';
+    read();  // consume the character we got with peek
+    c = timedPeek();
+  }
+  while( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == skipChar );
+
+  if(isNegative)
+    value = -value;
+  return value;
+}
+
+
+// as parseInt but returns a floating point value
+float Stream::parseFloat()
+{
+  return parseFloat(NO_SKIP_CHAR);
+}
+
+// as above but the given skipChar is ignored
+// this allows format characters (typically commas) in values to be ignored
+float Stream::parseFloat(char skipChar){
+  boolean isNegative = false;
+  boolean isFraction = false;
+  long value = 0;
+  int c;
+  float fraction = 1.0;
+
+  c = peekNextDigit();
+    // ignore non numeric leading characters
+  if(c < 0)
+    return 0; // zero returned if timeout
+
+  do{
+    if(c == skipChar)
+      ; // ignore
+    else if(c == '-')
+      isNegative = true;
+    else if (c == '.')
+      isFraction = true;
+    else if(c >= '0' && c <= '9')  {      // is c a digit?
+      value = value * 10 + c - '0';
+      if(isFraction)
+         fraction *= 0.1;
+    }
+    read();  // consume the character we got with peek
+    c = timedPeek();
+  }
+  while( (c >= '0' && c <= '9')  || c == '.' || c == skipChar );
+
+  if(isNegative)
+    value = -value;
+  if(isFraction)
+    return value * fraction;
+  else
+    return value;
+}
+
+// read characters from stream into buffer
+// terminates if length characters have been read, or timeout (see setTimeout)
+// returns the number of characters placed in the buffer
+// the buffer is NOT null terminated.
+//
+size_t Stream::readBytes(char *buffer, size_t length)
+{
+	size_t count = 0;
+	while (count < length) {
+		int c = timedRead();
+		if (c < 0) {
+			setReadError();
+			break;
+		}
+		*buffer++ = (char)c;
+		count++;
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+
+// as readBytes with terminator character
+// terminates if length characters have been read, timeout, or if the terminator character  detected
+// returns the number of characters placed in the buffer (0 means no valid data found)
+
+size_t Stream::readBytesUntil(char terminator, char *buffer, size_t length)
+{
+	if (length < 1) return 0;
+	length--;
+	size_t index = 0;
+	while (index < length) {
+		int c = timedRead();
+		if (c == terminator) break;
+		if (c < 0) {
+			setReadError();
+			break;
+		}
+		*buffer++ = (char)c;
+		index++;
+	}
+	*buffer = 0;
+	return index; // return number of characters, not including null terminator
+}
+
+String Stream::readString(size_t max)
+{
+	String str;
+	size_t length = 0;
+	while (length < max) {
+		int c = timedRead();
+		if (c < 0) {
+			setReadError();
+			break;	// timeout
+		}
+		if (c == 0) break;
+		str += (char)c;
+		length++;
+	}
+	return str;
+}
+
+String Stream::readStringUntil(char terminator, size_t max)
+{
+	String str;
+	size_t length = 0;
+	while (length < max) {
+		int c = timedRead();
+		if (c < 0) {
+			setReadError();
+			break;	// timeout
+		}
+		if (c == 0 || c == terminator) break;
+		str += (char)c;
+		length++;
+	}
+	return str;
+}

teensy4/WString.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,736 @@
+/*
+  WString.cpp - String library for Wiring & Arduino
+  ...mostly rewritten by Paul Stoffregen...
+  Copyright (c) 2009-10 Hernando Barragan.  All rights reserved.
+  Copyright 2011, Paul Stoffregen, paul@pjrc.com
+
+  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+*/
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Constructors                             */
+/*********************************************/
+
+String::String(const char *cstr)
+{
+	init();
+	if (cstr) copy(cstr, strlen(cstr));
+}
+
+String::String(const __FlashStringHelper *pgmstr)
+{
+	init();
+	*this = pgmstr;
+}
+
+String::String(const String &value)
+{
+	init();
+	*this = value;
+}
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+String::String(String &&rval)
+{
+	init();
+	move(rval);
+}
+String::String(StringSumHelper &&rval)
+{
+	init();
+	move(rval);
+}
+#endif
+
+String::String(char c)
+{
+	init();
+	*this = c;
+}
+
+String::String(unsigned char c)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[4];
+	utoa(c, buf, 10);
+	*this = buf;
+}
+
+String::String(const int value, unsigned char base)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[18];
+	itoa(value, buf, base);
+	*this = buf;
+}
+
+String::String(unsigned int value, unsigned char base)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[17];
+  	utoa(value, buf, base);
+	*this = buf;
+}
+
+String::String(long value, unsigned char base)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[34];
+	ltoa(value, buf, base);
+	*this = buf;
+}
+
+String::String(unsigned long value, unsigned char base)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[33];
+	ultoa(value, buf, base);
+	*this = buf;
+}
+
+String::String(float num, unsigned char digits)
+{
+	init();
+	char buf[40];
+	*this = dtostrf(num, digits + 2, digits, buf);
+}
+
+String::~String()
+{
+	free(buffer);
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Memory Management                        */
+/*********************************************/
+
+inline void String::init(void)
+{
+	buffer = NULL;
+	capacity = 0;
+	len = 0;
+	flags = 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::reserve(unsigned int size)
+{
+	if (capacity >= size) return 1;
+	if (changeBuffer(size)) {
+		if (len == 0) buffer[0] = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::changeBuffer(unsigned int maxStrLen)
+{
+	char *newbuffer = (char *)realloc(buffer, maxStrLen + 1);
+	if (newbuffer) {
+		buffer = newbuffer;
+		capacity = maxStrLen;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Copy and Move                            */
+/*********************************************/
+
+String & String::copy(const char *cstr, unsigned int length)
+{
+	if (length == 0) {
+		if (buffer) buffer[0] = 0;
+		len = 0;
+		return *this;
+	}
+	if (!reserve(length)) {
+		if (buffer) {
+			free(buffer);
+			buffer = NULL;
+		}
+		len = capacity = 0;
+		return *this;
+	}
+	len = length;
+	strcpy(buffer, cstr);
+	return *this;
+}
+
+void String::move(String &rhs)
+{
+	if (buffer) {
+		if (capacity >= rhs.len) {
+			strcpy(buffer, rhs.buffer);
+			len = rhs.len;
+			rhs.len = 0;
+			return;
+		} else {
+			free(buffer);
+		}
+	}
+	buffer = rhs.buffer;
+	capacity = rhs.capacity;
+	len = rhs.len;
+	rhs.buffer = NULL;
+	rhs.capacity = 0;
+	rhs.len = 0;
+}
+
+String & String::operator = (const String &rhs)
+{
+	if (this == &rhs) return *this;
+	return copy(rhs.buffer, rhs.len);
+}
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+String & String::operator = (String &&rval)
+{
+	if (this != &rval) move(rval);
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::operator = (StringSumHelper &&rval)
+{
+	if (this != &rval) move(rval);
+	return *this;
+}
+#endif
+
+String & String::operator = (const char *cstr)
+{
+	if (cstr) {
+		copy(cstr, strlen(cstr));
+	} else {
+		len = 0;
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::operator = (const __FlashStringHelper *pgmstr)
+{
+	copy(pgmstr);
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::operator = (char c)
+{
+	char buf[2];
+	buf[0] = c;
+	buf[1] = 0;
+	return copy(buf, 1);
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Append                                   */
+/*********************************************/
+
+String & String::append(const String &s)
+{
+	return append(s.buffer, s.len);
+}
+
+String & String::append(const char *cstr, unsigned int length)
+{
+	unsigned int newlen = len + length;
+	bool self = false;
+	unsigned int buffer_offset; 
+	if ( (cstr >= buffer) && (cstr < (buffer+len) ) ) {
+		self = true;
+		buffer_offset = (unsigned int)(cstr-buffer);
+	}
+	if (length == 0 || !reserve(newlen)) return *this;
+	if ( self ) {
+		memcpy(buffer + len, buffer+buffer_offset, length);
+		buffer[newlen] = 0;
+		}
+	else
+		strcpy(buffer + len, cstr);
+	len = newlen;
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(const char *cstr)
+{
+	if (cstr) append(cstr, strlen(cstr));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(char c)
+{
+	char buf[2];
+	buf[0] = c;
+	buf[1] = 0;
+	append(buf, 1);
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(int num)
+{
+	char buf[12];
+	ltoa((long)num, buf, 10);
+	append(buf, strlen(buf));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(unsigned int num)
+{
+	char buf[11];
+	ultoa((unsigned long)num, buf, 10);
+	append(buf, strlen(buf));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(long num)
+{
+	char buf[12];
+	ltoa(num, buf, 10);
+	append(buf, strlen(buf));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(unsigned long num)
+{
+	char buf[11];
+	ultoa(num, buf, 10);
+	append(buf, strlen(buf));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::append(float num)
+{
+	char buf[30];
+	dtostrf(num, 4, 2, buf); 
+	append(buf, strlen(buf));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Concatenate                              */
+/*********************************************/
+
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, const String &rhs)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(rhs.buffer, rhs.len);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, const char *cstr)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	if (cstr) a.append(cstr, strlen(cstr));
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, const __FlashStringHelper *pgmstr)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(pgmstr);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, char c)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(c);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned char c)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(c);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, int num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append((long)num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned int num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append((unsigned long)num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, long num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned long num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, float num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, double num)
+{
+	StringSumHelper &a = const_cast<StringSumHelper&>(lhs);
+	a.append(num);
+	return a;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Comparison                               */
+/*********************************************/
+
+int String::compareTo(const String &s) const
+{
+	if (!buffer || !s.buffer) {
+		if (s.buffer && s.len > 0) return 0 - *(unsigned char *)s.buffer;
+		if (buffer && len > 0) return *(unsigned char *)buffer;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return strcmp(buffer, s.buffer);
+}
+
+unsigned char String::equals(const String &s2) const
+{
+	return (len == s2.len && compareTo(s2) == 0);
+}
+
+unsigned char String::equals(const char *cstr) const
+{
+	if (len == 0) return (cstr == NULL || *cstr == 0);
+	if (cstr == NULL) return buffer[0] == 0;
+	return strcmp(buffer, cstr) == 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::operator<(const String &rhs) const
+{
+	return compareTo(rhs) < 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::operator>(const String &rhs) const
+{
+	return compareTo(rhs) > 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::operator<=(const String &rhs) const
+{
+	return compareTo(rhs) <= 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::operator>=(const String &rhs) const
+{
+	return compareTo(rhs) >= 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::equalsIgnoreCase( const String &s2 ) const
+{
+	if (this == &s2) return 1;
+	if (len != s2.len) return 0;
+	if (len == 0) return 1;
+	const char *p1 = buffer;
+	const char *p2 = s2.buffer;
+	while (*p1) {
+		if (tolower(*p1++) != tolower(*p2++)) return 0;
+	} 
+	return 1;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::startsWith( const String &s2 ) const
+{
+	if (len < s2.len) return 0;
+	return startsWith(s2, 0);
+}
+
+unsigned char String::startsWith( const String &s2, unsigned int offset ) const
+{
+	if (offset > len - s2.len || !buffer || !s2.buffer) return 0;
+	return strncmp( &buffer[offset], s2.buffer, s2.len ) == 0;
+}
+
+unsigned char String::endsWith( const String &s2 ) const
+{
+	if ( len < s2.len || !buffer || !s2.buffer) return 0;
+	return strcmp(&buffer[len - s2.len], s2.buffer) == 0;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Character Access                         */
+/*********************************************/
+
+char String::charAt(unsigned int loc) const
+{
+	return operator[](loc);
+}
+
+void String::setCharAt(unsigned int loc, char c) 
+{
+	if (loc < len) buffer[loc] = c;
+}
+
+char & String::operator[](unsigned int index)
+{
+	static char dummy_writable_char;
+	if (index >= len || !buffer) {
+		dummy_writable_char = 0;
+		return dummy_writable_char;
+	}
+	return buffer[index];
+}
+
+char String::operator[]( unsigned int index ) const
+{
+	if (index >= len || !buffer) return 0;
+	return buffer[index];
+}
+
+void String::getBytes(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int bufsize, unsigned int index) const
+{
+	if (!bufsize || !buf) return;
+	if (index >= len) {
+		buf[0] = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	unsigned int n = bufsize - 1;
+	if (n > len - index) n = len - index;
+	strncpy((char *)buf, buffer + index, n);
+	buf[n] = 0;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Search                                   */
+/*********************************************/
+
+int String::indexOf(char c) const
+{
+	return indexOf(c, 0);
+}
+
+int String::indexOf( char ch, unsigned int fromIndex ) const
+{
+	if (fromIndex >= len) return -1;
+	const char* temp = strchr(buffer + fromIndex, ch);
+	if (temp == NULL) return -1;
+	return temp - buffer;
+}
+
+int String::indexOf(const String &s2) const
+{
+	return indexOf(s2, 0);
+}
+
+int String::indexOf(const String &s2, unsigned int fromIndex) const
+{
+	if (fromIndex >= len) return -1;
+	const char *found = strstr(buffer + fromIndex, s2.buffer);
+	if (found == NULL) return -1;
+	return found - buffer;
+}
+
+int String::lastIndexOf( char theChar ) const
+{
+	return lastIndexOf(theChar, len - 1);
+}
+
+int String::lastIndexOf(char ch, unsigned int fromIndex) const
+{
+	if (fromIndex >= len) return -1;
+	char tempchar = buffer[fromIndex + 1];
+	buffer[fromIndex + 1] = '\0';
+	char* temp = strrchr( buffer, ch );
+	buffer[fromIndex + 1] = tempchar;
+	if (temp == NULL) return -1;
+	return temp - buffer;
+}
+
+int String::lastIndexOf(const String &s2) const
+{
+	return lastIndexOf(s2, len - s2.len);
+}
+
+int String::lastIndexOf(const String &s2, unsigned int fromIndex) const
+{
+  	if (s2.len == 0 || len == 0 || s2.len > len) return -1;
+	if (fromIndex >= len) fromIndex = len - 1;
+	int found = -1;
+	for (char *p = buffer; p <= buffer + fromIndex; p++) {
+		p = strstr(p, s2.buffer);
+		if (!p) break;
+		if ((unsigned int)(p - buffer) <= fromIndex) found = p - buffer;
+	}
+	return found;
+}
+
+String String::substring( unsigned int left ) const
+{
+	return substring(left, len);
+}
+
+String String::substring(unsigned int left, unsigned int right) const
+{
+	if (left > right) {
+		unsigned int temp = right;
+		right = left;
+		left = temp;
+	}
+	String out;
+	if (left > len) return out;
+	if (right > len) right = len;
+	char temp = buffer[right];  // save the replaced character
+	buffer[right] = '\0';	
+	out = buffer + left;  // pointer arithmetic
+	buffer[right] = temp;  //restore character
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Modification                             */
+/*********************************************/
+
+String & String::replace(char find, char replace)
+{
+	if (!buffer) return *this;
+	for (char *p = buffer; *p; p++) {
+		if (*p == find) *p = replace;
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::replace(const String& find, const String& replace)
+{
+	if (len == 0 || find.len == 0) return *this;
+	int diff = replace.len - find.len;
+	char *readFrom = buffer;
+	char *foundAt;
+	if (diff == 0) {
+		while ((foundAt = strstr(readFrom, find.buffer)) != NULL) {
+			memcpy(foundAt, replace.buffer, replace.len);
+			readFrom = foundAt + replace.len;
+		}
+	} else if (diff < 0) {
+		char *writeTo = buffer;
+		while ((foundAt = strstr(readFrom, find.buffer)) != NULL) {
+			unsigned int n = foundAt - readFrom;
+			memcpy(writeTo, readFrom, n);
+			writeTo += n;
+			memcpy(writeTo, replace.buffer, replace.len);
+			writeTo += replace.len;
+			readFrom = foundAt + find.len;
+			len += diff;
+		}
+		strcpy(writeTo, readFrom);
+	} else {
+		unsigned int size = len; // compute size needed for result
+		while ((foundAt = strstr(readFrom, find.buffer)) != NULL) {
+			readFrom = foundAt + find.len;
+			size += diff;
+		}
+		if (size == len) return *this;
+		if (size > capacity && !changeBuffer(size)) return *this;
+		int index = len - 1;
+		while (index >= 0 && (index = lastIndexOf(find, index)) >= 0) {
+			readFrom = buffer + index + find.len;
+			memmove(readFrom + diff, readFrom, len - (readFrom - buffer));
+			len += diff;
+			buffer[len] = 0;
+			memcpy(buffer + index, replace.buffer, replace.len);
+			index--;
+		}
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::remove(unsigned int index)
+{
+	if (index < len) {
+		len = index;
+		buffer[len] = 0;
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::remove(unsigned int index, unsigned int count)
+{
+	if (index < len && count > 0) {
+  		if (index + count > len) count = len - index;
+		len = len - count;
+		memmove(buffer + index, buffer + index + count, len - index);
+		buffer[len] = 0;
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::toLowerCase(void)
+{
+	if (!buffer) return *this;
+	for (char *p = buffer; *p; p++) {
+		*p = tolower(*p);
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::toUpperCase(void)
+{
+	if (!buffer) return *this;
+	for (char *p = buffer; *p; p++) {
+		*p = toupper(*p);
+	}
+	return *this;
+}
+
+String & String::trim(void)
+{
+	if (!buffer || len == 0) return *this;
+	char *begin = buffer;
+	while (isspace(*begin)) begin++;
+	char *end = buffer + len - 1;
+	while (isspace(*end) && end >= begin) end--;
+	len = end + 1 - begin;
+	if (begin > buffer) memcpy(buffer, begin, len);
+	buffer[len] = 0;
+	return *this;
+}
+
+/*********************************************/
+/*  Parsing / Conversion                     */
+/*********************************************/
+
+long String::toInt(void) const
+{
+	if (buffer) return atol(buffer);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+float String::toFloat(void) const
+{
+	if (buffer) return strtof(buffer, (char **)NULL);
+	return 0.0;
+}
+
+