teensy-sdfat/SdFat/examples/LowLatencyLogger/LowLatencyLogger.ino

/**
 * This program logs data to a binary file.  Functions are included
 * to convert the binary file to a csv text file.
 *
 * Samples are logged at regular intervals.  The maximum logging rate
 * depends on the quality of your SD card and the time required to
 * read sensor data.  This example has been tested at 500 Hz with
 * good SD card on an Uno.  4000 HZ is possible on a Due.
 *
 * If your SD card has a long write latency, it may be necessary to use
 * slower sample rates.  Using a Mega Arduino helps overcome latency
 * problems since 12 512 byte buffers will be used.
 *
 * Data is written to the file using a SD multiple block write command.
 */
#include <SPI.h>
#include "SdFat.h"
#include "FreeStack.h"
#include "UserTypes.h"

#ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
#include "MinimumSerial.h"
MinimumSerial MinSerial;
#define Serial MinSerial
#endif  // __AVR_ATmega328P__
//==============================================================================
// Start of configuration constants.
//==============================================================================
// Abort run on an overrun.  Data before the overrun will be saved.
#define ABORT_ON_OVERRUN 1
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Interval between data records in microseconds.
const uint32_t LOG_INTERVAL_USEC = 2000;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Set USE_SHARED_SPI non-zero for use of an SPI sensor.
// May not work for some cards.
#ifndef USE_SHARED_SPI
#define USE_SHARED_SPI 0
#endif  // USE_SHARED_SPI
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Pin definitions.
//
// SD chip select pin.
const uint8_t SD_CS_PIN = SS;
//
// Digital pin to indicate an error, set to -1 if not used.
// The led blinks for fatal errors. The led goes on solid for
// overrun errors and logging continues unless ABORT_ON_OVERRUN
// is non-zero.
#ifdef ERROR_LED_PIN
#undef ERROR_LED_PIN
#endif  // ERROR_LED_PIN
const int8_t ERROR_LED_PIN = -1;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// File definitions.
//
// Maximum file size in blocks.
// The program creates a contiguous file with FILE_BLOCK_COUNT 512 byte blocks.
// This file is flash erased using special SD commands.  The file will be
// truncated if logging is stopped early.
const uint32_t FILE_BLOCK_COUNT = 256000;
//
// log file base name if not defined in UserTypes.h
#ifndef FILE_BASE_NAME
#define FILE_BASE_NAME "data"
#endif  // FILE_BASE_NAME
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Buffer definitions.
//
// The logger will use SdFat's buffer plus BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT-1 additional
// buffers.
//
#ifndef RAMEND
// Assume ARM. Use total of ten 512 byte buffers.
const uint8_t BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT = 10;
//
#elif RAMEND < 0X8FF
#error Too little SRAM
//
#elif RAMEND < 0X10FF
// Use total of two 512 byte buffers.
const uint8_t BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT = 2;
//
#elif RAMEND < 0X20FF
// Use total of four 512 byte buffers.
const uint8_t BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT = 4;
//
#else  // RAMEND
// Use total of 12 512 byte buffers.
const uint8_t BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT = 12;
#endif  // RAMEND
//==============================================================================
// End of configuration constants.
//==============================================================================
// Temporary log file.  Will be deleted if a reset or power failure occurs.
#define TMP_FILE_NAME FILE_BASE_NAME "##.bin"

// Size of file base name.
const uint8_t BASE_NAME_SIZE = sizeof(FILE_BASE_NAME) - 1;
const uint8_t FILE_NAME_DIM  = BASE_NAME_SIZE + 7;
char binName[FILE_NAME_DIM] = FILE_BASE_NAME "00.bin";

SdFat sd;

SdBaseFile binFile;

// Number of data records in a block.
const uint16_t DATA_DIM = (512 - 4)/sizeof(data_t);

//Compute fill so block size is 512 bytes.  FILL_DIM may be zero.
const uint16_t FILL_DIM = 512 - 4 - DATA_DIM*sizeof(data_t);

struct block_t {
  uint16_t count;
  uint16_t overrun;
  data_t data[DATA_DIM];
  uint8_t fill[FILL_DIM];
};
//==============================================================================
// Error messages stored in flash.
#define error(msg) {sd.errorPrint(&Serial, F(msg));fatalBlink();}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
void fatalBlink() {
  while (true) {
    SysCall::yield();
    if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
      digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, HIGH);
      delay(200);
      digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, LOW);
      delay(200);
    }
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// read data file and check for overruns
void checkOverrun() {
  bool headerPrinted = false;
  block_t block;
  uint32_t bn = 0;

  if (!binFile.isOpen()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("No current binary file"));
    return;
  }
  binFile.rewind();
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print(F("FreeStack: "));
  Serial.println(FreeStack());
  Serial.println(F("Checking overrun errors - type any character to stop"));
  while (binFile.read(&block, 512) == 512) {
    if (block.count == 0) {
      break;
    }
    if (block.overrun) {
      if (!headerPrinted) {
        Serial.println();
        Serial.println(F("Overruns:"));
        Serial.println(F("fileBlockNumber,sdBlockNumber,overrunCount"));
        headerPrinted = true;
      }
      Serial.print(bn);
      Serial.print(',');
      Serial.print(binFile.firstBlock() + bn);
      Serial.print(',');
      Serial.println(block.overrun);
    }
    bn++;
  }
  if (!headerPrinted) {
    Serial.println(F("No errors found"));
  } else {
    Serial.println(F("Done"));
  }
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Convert binary file to csv file.
void binaryToCsv() {
  uint8_t lastPct = 0;
  block_t block;
  uint32_t t0 = millis();
  uint32_t syncCluster = 0;
  SdFile csvFile;
  char csvName[FILE_NAME_DIM];

  if (!binFile.isOpen()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("No current binary file"));
    return;
  }
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print(F("FreeStack: "));
  Serial.println(FreeStack());
  
  // Create a new csvFile.
  strcpy(csvName, binName);
  strcpy(&csvName[BASE_NAME_SIZE + 3], "csv");

  if (!csvFile.open(csvName, O_WRITE | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC)) {
    error("open csvFile failed");
  }
  binFile.rewind();
  Serial.print(F("Writing: "));
  Serial.print(csvName);
  Serial.println(F(" - type any character to stop"));
  printHeader(&csvFile);
  uint32_t tPct = millis();
  while (!Serial.available() && binFile.read(&block, 512) == 512) {
    uint16_t i;
    if (block.count == 0 || block.count > DATA_DIM) {
      break;
    }
    if (block.overrun) {
      csvFile.print(F("OVERRUN,"));
      csvFile.println(block.overrun);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < block.count; i++) {
      printData(&csvFile, &block.data[i]);
    }
    if (csvFile.curCluster() != syncCluster) {
      csvFile.sync();
      syncCluster = csvFile.curCluster();
    }
    if ((millis() - tPct) > 1000) {
      uint8_t pct = binFile.curPosition()/(binFile.fileSize()/100);
      if (pct != lastPct) {
        tPct = millis();
        lastPct = pct;
        Serial.print(pct, DEC);
        Serial.println('%');
      }
    }
    if (Serial.available()) {
      break;
    }
  }
  csvFile.close();
  Serial.print(F("Done: "));
  Serial.print(0.001*(millis() - t0));
  Serial.println(F(" Seconds"));
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void createBinFile() {
  // max number of blocks to erase per erase call
  const uint32_t ERASE_SIZE = 262144L;
  uint32_t bgnBlock, endBlock;
  
  // Delete old tmp file.
  if (sd.exists(TMP_FILE_NAME)) {
    Serial.println(F("Deleting tmp file " TMP_FILE_NAME));
    if (!sd.remove(TMP_FILE_NAME)) {
      error("Can't remove tmp file");
    }
  }
  // Create new file.
  Serial.println(F("\nCreating new file"));
  binFile.close();
  if (!binFile.createContiguous(TMP_FILE_NAME, 512 * FILE_BLOCK_COUNT)) {
    error("createContiguous failed");
  }
  // Get the address of the file on the SD.
  if (!binFile.contiguousRange(&bgnBlock, &endBlock)) {
    error("contiguousRange failed");
  }
  // Flash erase all data in the file.
  Serial.println(F("Erasing all data"));
  uint32_t bgnErase = bgnBlock;
  uint32_t endErase;
  while (bgnErase < endBlock) {
    endErase = bgnErase + ERASE_SIZE;
    if (endErase > endBlock) {
      endErase = endBlock;
    }
    if (!sd.card()->erase(bgnErase, endErase)) {
      error("erase failed");
    }
    bgnErase = endErase + 1;
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// dump data file to Serial
void dumpData() {
  block_t block;
  if (!binFile.isOpen()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("No current binary file"));
    return;
  }
  binFile.rewind();
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println(F("Type any character to stop"));
  delay(1000);
  printHeader(&Serial);
  while (!Serial.available() && binFile.read(&block , 512) == 512) {
    if (block.count == 0) {
      break;
    }
    if (block.overrun) {
      Serial.print(F("OVERRUN,"));
      Serial.println(block.overrun);
    }
    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < block.count; i++) {
      printData(&Serial, &block.data[i]);
    }
  }
  Serial.println(F("Done"));
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// log data
void logData() {
  createBinFile();
  recordBinFile();
  renameBinFile();
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void openBinFile() {
  char name[FILE_NAME_DIM];
  strcpy(name, binName);
  Serial.println(F("\nEnter two digit version"));
  Serial.write(name, BASE_NAME_SIZE);
  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    while (!Serial.available()) {
     SysCall::yield();
    }
    char c = Serial.read();
    Serial.write(c);
    if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
      Serial.println(F("\nInvalid digit"));
      return;
    }
    name[BASE_NAME_SIZE + i] = c;
  }
  Serial.println(&name[BASE_NAME_SIZE+2]);
  if (!sd.exists(name)) {
    Serial.println(F("File does not exist"));
    return;
  }
  binFile.close();
  strcpy(binName, name);
  if (!binFile.open(binName, O_READ)) {
    Serial.println(F("open failed"));
    return;
  }
  Serial.println(F("File opened"));
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void recordBinFile() {
  const uint8_t QUEUE_DIM = BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT + 1;
  // Index of last queue location.
  const uint8_t QUEUE_LAST = QUEUE_DIM - 1;
  
  // Allocate extra buffer space.
  block_t block[BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT - 1];
  
  block_t* curBlock = 0;
  
  block_t* emptyStack[BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT];
  uint8_t emptyTop;
  uint8_t minTop;

  block_t* fullQueue[QUEUE_DIM];
  uint8_t fullHead = 0;
  uint8_t fullTail = 0;  

  // Use SdFat's internal buffer.
  emptyStack[0] = (block_t*)sd.vol()->cacheClear();
  if (emptyStack[0] == 0) {
    error("cacheClear failed");
  }
  // Put rest of buffers on the empty stack.
  for (int i = 1; i < BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT; i++) {
    emptyStack[i] = &block[i - 1];
  }
  emptyTop = BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT;
  minTop = BUFFER_BLOCK_COUNT;
  
  // Start a multiple block write.
  if (!sd.card()->writeStart(binFile.firstBlock())) {
    error("writeBStart failed");
  }
  Serial.print(F("FreeStack: "));
  Serial.println(FreeStack());
  Serial.println(F("Logging - type any character to stop"));
  bool closeFile = false;
  uint32_t bn = 0;  
  uint32_t maxLatency = 0;
  uint32_t overrun = 0;
  uint32_t overrunTotal = 0;
  uint32_t logTime = micros();
  while(1) {
     // Time for next data record.
    logTime += LOG_INTERVAL_USEC;
    if (Serial.available()) {
      closeFile = true;
    }  
    if (closeFile) {
      if (curBlock != 0) {
        // Put buffer in full queue.
        fullQueue[fullHead] = curBlock;
        fullHead = fullHead < QUEUE_LAST ? fullHead + 1 : 0;
        curBlock = 0;
      }
    } else {
      if (curBlock == 0 && emptyTop != 0) {
        curBlock = emptyStack[--emptyTop];
        if (emptyTop < minTop) {
          minTop = emptyTop;
        }
        curBlock->count = 0;
        curBlock->overrun = overrun;
        overrun = 0;
      }
      if ((int32_t)(logTime - micros()) < 0) {
        error("Rate too fast");             
      }
      int32_t delta;
      do {
        delta = micros() - logTime;
      } while (delta < 0);
      if (curBlock == 0) {
        overrun++;
        overrunTotal++;
        if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
          digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, HIGH);
        }        
#if ABORT_ON_OVERRUN
        Serial.println(F("Overrun abort"));
        break;
 #endif  // ABORT_ON_OVERRUN       
      } else {
#if USE_SHARED_SPI
        sd.card()->spiStop();
#endif  // USE_SHARED_SPI   
        acquireData(&curBlock->data[curBlock->count++]);
#if USE_SHARED_SPI
        sd.card()->spiStart();
#endif  // USE_SHARED_SPI      
        if (curBlock->count == DATA_DIM) {
          fullQueue[fullHead] = curBlock;
          fullHead = fullHead < QUEUE_LAST ? fullHead + 1 : 0;
          curBlock = 0;
        } 
      }
    }
    if (fullHead == fullTail) {
      // Exit loop if done.
      if (closeFile) {
        break;
      }
    } else if (!sd.card()->isBusy()) {
      // Get address of block to write.
      block_t* pBlock = fullQueue[fullTail];
      fullTail = fullTail < QUEUE_LAST ? fullTail + 1 : 0;
      // Write block to SD.
      uint32_t usec = micros();
      if (!sd.card()->writeData((uint8_t*)pBlock)) {
        error("write data failed");
      }
      usec = micros() - usec;
      if (usec > maxLatency) {
        maxLatency = usec;
      }
      // Move block to empty queue.
      emptyStack[emptyTop++] = pBlock;
      bn++;
      if (bn == FILE_BLOCK_COUNT) {
        // File full so stop
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  if (!sd.card()->writeStop()) {
    error("writeStop failed");
  }
  Serial.print(F("Min Free buffers: "));
  Serial.println(minTop);
  Serial.print(F("Max block write usec: "));
  Serial.println(maxLatency);
  Serial.print(F("Overruns: "));
  Serial.println(overrunTotal);
  // Truncate file if recording stopped early.
  if (bn != FILE_BLOCK_COUNT) {
    Serial.println(F("Truncating file"));
    if (!binFile.truncate(512L * bn)) {
      error("Can't truncate file");
    }
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void recoverTmpFile() {
  uint16_t count;
  if (!binFile.open(TMP_FILE_NAME, O_RDWR)) {
    return;
  }
  if (binFile.read(&count, 2) != 2 || count != DATA_DIM) {
    error("Please delete existing " TMP_FILE_NAME);
  }
  Serial.println(F("\nRecovering data in tmp file " TMP_FILE_NAME));
  uint32_t bgnBlock = 0;
  uint32_t endBlock = binFile.fileSize()/512 - 1;
  // find last used block.
  while (bgnBlock < endBlock) {
    uint32_t midBlock = (bgnBlock + endBlock + 1)/2;
    binFile.seekSet(512*midBlock);
    if (binFile.read(&count, 2) != 2) error("read");
    if (count == 0 || count > DATA_DIM) {
      endBlock = midBlock - 1;
    } else {          
      bgnBlock = midBlock;
    }
  }
  // truncate after last used block.
  if (!binFile.truncate(512*(bgnBlock + 1))) {
    error("Truncate " TMP_FILE_NAME " failed");
  }
  renameBinFile();
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void renameBinFile() {
  while (sd.exists(binName)) {
    if (binName[BASE_NAME_SIZE + 1] != '9') {
      binName[BASE_NAME_SIZE + 1]++;
    } else {
      binName[BASE_NAME_SIZE + 1] = '0';
      if (binName[BASE_NAME_SIZE] == '9') {
        error("Can't create file name");
      }
      binName[BASE_NAME_SIZE]++;
    }
  }
  if (!binFile.rename(sd.vwd(), binName)) {
    error("Can't rename file");
    }
  Serial.print(F("File renamed: "));
  Serial.println(binName);
  Serial.print(F("File size: "));
  Serial.print(binFile.fileSize()/512);
  Serial.println(F(" blocks"));
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void testSensor() {
  const uint32_t interval = 200000;
  int32_t diff;
  data_t data;
  Serial.println(F("\nTesting - type any character to stop\n"));
  // Wait for Serial Idle.
  delay(1000);
  printHeader(&Serial);
  uint32_t m = micros();
  while (!Serial.available()) {
    m += interval;
    do {
      diff = m - micros();
    } while (diff > 0);
    acquireData(&data);
    printData(&Serial, &data);
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void setup(void) {
  if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
    pinMode(ERROR_LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  }
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  // Wait for USB Serial 
  while (!Serial) {
    SysCall::yield();
  }
  Serial.print(F("\nFreeStack: "));
  Serial.println(FreeStack());
  Serial.print(F("Records/block: "));
  Serial.println(DATA_DIM);
  if (sizeof(block_t) != 512) {
    error("Invalid block size");
  }
  // Allow userSetup access to SPI bus.
  pinMode(SD_CS_PIN, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(SD_CS_PIN, HIGH);
  
  // Setup sensors.
  userSetup();
  
  // Initialize at the highest speed supported by the board that is
  // not over 50 MHz. Try a lower speed if SPI errors occur.
  if (!sd.begin(SD_CS_PIN, SD_SCK_MHZ(50))) {
    sd.initErrorPrint(&Serial);
    fatalBlink();
  }
  // recover existing tmp file.
  if (sd.exists(TMP_FILE_NAME)) {
    Serial.println(F("\nType 'Y' to recover existing tmp file " TMP_FILE_NAME));
    while (!Serial.available()) {
      SysCall::yield();
    }
    if (Serial.read() == 'Y') {
      recoverTmpFile();
    } else {
      error("'Y' not typed, please manually delete " TMP_FILE_NAME);
    }
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void loop(void) {
  // Read any Serial data.
  do {
    delay(10);
  } while (Serial.available() && Serial.read() >= 0);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println(F("type:"));
  Serial.println(F("b - open existing bin file"));  
  Serial.println(F("c - convert file to csv"));
  Serial.println(F("d - dump data to Serial"));
  Serial.println(F("e - overrun error details"));
  Serial.println(F("l - list files"));  
  Serial.println(F("r - record data"));
  Serial.println(F("t - test without logging"));
  while(!Serial.available()) {
    SysCall::yield();
  }
#if WDT_YIELD_TIME_MICROS
  Serial.println(F("LowLatencyLogger can not run with watchdog timer"));
  SysCall::halt();
#endif
  
  char c = tolower(Serial.read());

  // Discard extra Serial data.
  do {
    delay(10);
  } while (Serial.available() && Serial.read() >= 0);

  if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
    digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, LOW);
  }
  if (c == 'b') {
    openBinFile();
  } else if (c == 'c') {
    binaryToCsv();
  } else if (c == 'd') {
    dumpData();
  } else if (c == 'e') {
    checkOverrun();
  } else if (c == 'l') {
    Serial.println(F("\nls:"));  
    sd.ls(&Serial, LS_SIZE);  
  } else if (c == 'r') {
    logData();
  } else if (c == 't') {
    testSensor();    
  } else {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid entry"));
  }
}