Add Scanner example

examples/Scanner/Scanner.ino

+// --------------------------------------
+// i2c_scanner
+// http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/I2cScanner
+//
+// Version 1
+//    This program (or code that looks like it)
+//    can be found in many places.
+//    For example on the Arduino.cc forum.
+//    The original author is not know.
+// Version 2, Juni 2012, Using Arduino 1.0.1
+//     Adapted to be as simple as possible by Arduino.cc user Krodal
+// Version 3, Feb 26  2013
+//    V3 by louarnold
+// Version 4, March 3, 2013, Using Arduino 1.0.3
+//    by Arduino.cc user Krodal.
+//    Changes by louarnold removed.
+//    Scanning addresses changed from 0...127 to 1...119,
+//    according to the i2c scanner by Nick Gammon
+//    http://www.gammon.com.au/forum/?id=10896
+// Version 5, March 28, 2013
+//    As version 4, but address scans now to 127.
+//    A sensor seems to use address 120.
+// Version 6, November 27, 2015.
+//    Added waiting for the Leonardo serial communication.
+//
+//
+// This sketch tests the standard 7-bit addresses
+// Devices with higher bit address might not be seen properly.
+//
+
+#include <Wire.h>
+
+
+void setup() {
+  Wire.begin();
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial);        // Leonardo: wait for serial monitor
+  Serial.println("\nI2C Scanner");
+}
+
+
+void loop() {
+  byte error, address;
+  int nDevices;
+
+  Serial.println("Scanning...");
+
+  nDevices = 0;
+  for (address = 1; address < 127; address++) {
+    // The i2c_scanner uses the return value of
+    // the Write.endTransmisstion to see if
+    // a device did acknowledge to the address.
+    Wire.beginTransmission(address);
+    error = Wire.endTransmission();
+
+    if (error == 0) {
+      Serial.print("Device found at address 0x");
+      if (address < 16) {
+        Serial.print("0");
+      }
+      Serial.print(address,HEX);
+      Serial.println();
+
+      nDevices++;
+    } else if (error==4) {
+      Serial.print("Unknown error at address 0x");
+      if (address < 16) {
+        Serial.print("0");
+      }
+      Serial.println(address,HEX);
+    }
+  }
+  if (nDevices == 0) {
+    Serial.println("No I2C devices found\n");
+  } else {
+    Serial.println("done\n");
+  }
+  delay(5000);           // wait 5 seconds for next scan
+}
+