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- <a name="readelf"></a>
- <div class="header">
- <p>
- Next: <a href="elfedit.html#elfedit" accesskey="n" rel="next">elfedit</a>, Previous: <a href="dlltool.html#dlltool" accesskey="p" rel="prev">dlltool</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Binutils-Index.html#Binutils-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
- </div>
- <hr>
- <a name="readelf-1"></a>
- <h2 class="chapter">14 readelf</h2>
-
- <a name="index-ELF-file-information"></a>
- <a name="index-readelf"></a>
-
-
- <div class="smallexample">
- <pre class="smallexample">readelf [<samp>-a</samp>|<samp>--all</samp>]
- [<samp>-h</samp>|<samp>--file-header</samp>]
- [<samp>-l</samp>|<samp>--program-headers</samp>|<samp>--segments</samp>]
- [<samp>-S</samp>|<samp>--section-headers</samp>|<samp>--sections</samp>]
- [<samp>-g</samp>|<samp>--section-groups</samp>]
- [<samp>-t</samp>|<samp>--section-details</samp>]
- [<samp>-e</samp>|<samp>--headers</samp>]
- [<samp>-s</samp>|<samp>--syms</samp>|<samp>--symbols</samp>]
- [<samp>--dyn-syms</samp>]
- [<samp>-n</samp>|<samp>--notes</samp>]
- [<samp>-r</samp>|<samp>--relocs</samp>]
- [<samp>-u</samp>|<samp>--unwind</samp>]
- [<samp>-d</samp>|<samp>--dynamic</samp>]
- [<samp>-V</samp>|<samp>--version-info</samp>]
- [<samp>-A</samp>|<samp>--arch-specific</samp>]
- [<samp>-D</samp>|<samp>--use-dynamic</samp>]
- [<samp>-L</samp>|<samp>--lint</samp>|<samp>--enable-checks</samp>]
- [<samp>-x</samp> <number or name>|<samp>--hex-dump=</samp><number or name>]
- [<samp>-p</samp> <number or name>|<samp>--string-dump=</samp><number or name>]
- [<samp>-R</samp> <number or name>|<samp>--relocated-dump=</samp><number or name>]
- [<samp>-z</samp>|<samp>--decompress</samp>]
- [<samp>-c</samp>|<samp>--archive-index</samp>]
- [<samp>-w[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAckK]</samp>|
- <samp>--debug-dump</samp>[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]]
- [<samp>--dwarf-depth=<var>n</var></samp>]
- [<samp>--dwarf-start=<var>n</var></samp>]
- [<samp>--ctf=</samp><var>section</var>]
- [<samp>--ctf-parent=</samp><var>section</var>]
- [<samp>--ctf-symbols=</samp><var>section</var>]
- [<samp>--ctf-strings=</samp><var>section</var>]
- [<samp>-I</samp>|<samp>--histogram</samp>]
- [<samp>-v</samp>|<samp>--version</samp>]
- [<samp>-W</samp>|<samp>--wide</samp>]
- [<samp>-T</samp>|<samp>--silent-truncation</samp>]
- [<samp>-H</samp>|<samp>--help</samp>]
- <var>elffile</var>…
- </pre></div>
-
-
- <p><code>readelf</code> displays information about one or more ELF format object
- files. The options control what particular information to display.
- </p>
- <p><var>elffile</var>… are the object files to be examined. 32-bit and
- 64-bit ELF files are supported, as are archives containing ELF files.
- </p>
- <p>This program performs a similar function to <code>objdump</code> but it
- goes into more detail and it exists independently of the <small>BFD</small>
- library, so if there is a bug in <small>BFD</small> then readelf will not be
- affected.
- </p>
-
-
- <p>The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
- equivalent. At least one option besides ‘<samp>-v</samp>’ or ‘<samp>-H</samp>’ must be
- given.
- </p>
- <dl compact="compact">
- <dt><code>-a</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--all</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Equivalent to specifying <samp>--file-header</samp>,
- <samp>--program-headers</samp>, <samp>--sections</samp>, <samp>--symbols</samp>,
- <samp>--relocs</samp>, <samp>--dynamic</samp>, <samp>--notes</samp>,
- <samp>--version-info</samp>, <samp>--arch-specific</samp>, <samp>--unwind</samp>,
- <samp>--section-groups</samp> and <samp>--histogram</samp>.
- </p>
- <p>Note - this option does not enable <samp>--use-dynamic</samp> itself, so
- if that option is not present on the command line then dynamic symbols
- and dynamic relocs will not be displayed.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-h</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--file-header</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-file-header-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the information contained in the ELF header at the start of the
- file.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-l</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--program-headers</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--segments</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-program-header-information"></a>
- <a name="index-ELF-segment-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the information contained in the file’s segment headers, if it
- has any.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-S</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--sections</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--section-headers</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-section-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the information contained in the file’s section headers, if it
- has any.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-g</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--section-groups</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-section-group-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the information contained in the file’s section groups, if it
- has any.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-t</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--section-details</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-section-information-1"></a>
- <p>Displays the detailed section information. Implies <samp>-S</samp>.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-s</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--symbols</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--syms</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-symbol-table-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one.
- If a symbol has version information associated with it then this is
- displayed as well. The version string is displayed as a suffix to the
- symbol name, preceeded by an @ character. For example
- ‘<samp>foo@VER_1</samp>’. If the version is the default version to be used
- when resolving unversioned references to the symbol then it is
- displayed as a suffix preceeded by two @ characters. For example
- ‘<samp>foo@@VER_2</samp>’.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>--dyn-syms</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-dynamic-symbol-table-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it
- has one. The output format is the same as the format used by the
- <samp>--syms</samp> option.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-e</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--headers</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display all the headers in the file. Equivalent to <samp>-h -l -S</samp>.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-n</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--notes</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-notes"></a>
- <p>Displays the contents of the NOTE segments and/or sections, if any.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-r</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--relocs</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-reloc-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the contents of the file’s relocation section, if it has one.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-u</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--unwind</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-unwind-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the contents of the file’s unwind section, if it has one. Only
- the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM unwind tables
- (<code>.ARM.exidx</code> / <code>.ARM.extab</code>) are currently supported. If
- support is not yet implemented for your architecture you could try
- dumping the contents of the <var>.eh_frames</var> section using the
- <samp>--debug-dump=frames</samp> or <samp>--debug-dump=frames-interp</samp>
- options.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-d</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--dynamic</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-dynamic-section-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the contents of the file’s dynamic section, if it has one.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-V</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--version-info</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-ELF-version-sections-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the contents of the version sections in the file, it they
- exist.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-A</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--arch-specific</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays architecture-specific information in the file, if there
- is any.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-D</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--use-dynamic</code></dt>
- <dd><p>When displaying symbols, this option makes <code>readelf</code> use the
- symbol hash tables in the file’s dynamic section, rather than the
- symbol table sections.
- </p>
- <p>When displaying relocations, this option makes <code>readelf</code>
- display the dynamic relocations rather than the static relocations.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-L</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--lint</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--enable-checks</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays warning messages about possible problems with the file(s)
- being examined. If used on its own then all of the contents of the
- file(s) will be examined. If used with one of the dumping options
- then the warning messages will only be produced for the things being
- displayed.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-x <number or name></code></dt>
- <dt><code>--hex-dump=<number or name></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes.
- A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table;
- any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-R <number or name></code></dt>
- <dt><code>--relocated-dump=<number or name></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal
- bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the
- section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name
- in the object file. The contents of the section will be relocated
- before they are displayed.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-p <number or name></code></dt>
- <dt><code>--string-dump=<number or name></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings.
- A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table;
- any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-z</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--decompress</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Requests that the section(s) being dumped by <samp>x</samp>, <samp>R</samp> or
- <samp>p</samp> options are decompressed before being displayed. If the
- section(s) are not compressed then they are displayed as is.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-c</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--archive-index</code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-Archive-file-symbol-index-information"></a>
- <p>Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part
- of binary archives. Performs the same function as the <samp>t</samp>
- command to <code>ar</code>, but without using the BFD library. See <a href="ar.html#ar">ar</a>.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-w[lLiaprmfFsOoRtUuTgAckK]</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]</code></dt>
- <dd>
- <p>Displays the contents of the DWARF debug sections in the file, if any
- are present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed
- (temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the
- optional letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s)
- of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following
- information:
- </p>
- <dl compact="compact">
- <dt><code>a</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=abbrev</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_abbrev</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>A</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=addr</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_addr</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>c</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=cu_index</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_cu_index</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_tu_index</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>f</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=frames</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display the raw contents of a ‘<samp>.debug_frame</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>F</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=frame-interp</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display the interpreted contents of a ‘<samp>.debug_frame</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>g</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=gdb_index</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.gdb_index</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_names</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>i</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=info</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_info</samp>’ section. Note: the
- output from this option can also be restricted by the use of the
- <samp>--dwarf-depth</samp> and <samp>--dwarf-start</samp> options.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>k</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=links</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.gnu_debuglink</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.gnu_debugaltlink</samp>’ sections. Also displays any links to
- separate dwarf object files (dwo), if they are specified by the
- DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or DW_AT_dwo_name attributes in the
- ‘<samp>.debug_info</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>K</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=follow-links</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in
- linked, separate debug info file(s). This can result in multiple
- versions of the same debug section being displayed if it exists in
- more than one file.
- </p>
- <p>In addition, when displaying DWARF attributes, if a form is found that
- references the separate debug info file, then the referenced contents
- will also be displayed.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>l</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=rawline</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_line</samp>’ section in a raw
- format.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>L</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=decodedline</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the interpreted contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_line</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>m</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=macro</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_macro</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_macinfo</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>o</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=loc</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_loc</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_loclists</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>O</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=str-offsets</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_str_offsets</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>p</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=pubnames</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_pubnames</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_gnu_pubnames</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>r</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=aranges</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_aranges</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>R</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=Ranges</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_ranges</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_rnglists</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>s</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=str</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_str</samp>’, ‘<samp>.debug_line_str</samp>’
- and/or ‘<samp>.debug_str_offsets</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>t</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=pubtype</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.debug_pubtypes</samp>’ and/or
- ‘<samp>.debug_gnu_pubtypes</samp>’ sections.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>T</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=trace_aranges</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.trace_aranges</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>u</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=trace_abbrev</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.trace_abbrev</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>U</code></dt>
- <dt><code>=trace_info</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Displays the contents of the ‘<samp>.trace_info</samp>’ section.
- </p>
- </dd>
- </dl>
-
- <p>Note: displaying the contents of ‘<samp>.debug_static_funcs</samp>’,
- ‘<samp>.debug_static_vars</samp>’ and ‘<samp>debug_weaknames</samp>’ sections is not
- currently supported.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>--dwarf-depth=<var>n</var></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Limit the dump of the <code>.debug_info</code> section to <var>n</var> children.
- This is only useful with <samp>--debug-dump=info</samp>. The default is
- to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for <var>n</var> will also have this
- effect.
- </p>
- <p>With a non-zero value for <var>n</var>, DIEs at or deeper than <var>n</var>
- levels will not be printed. The range for <var>n</var> is zero-based.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>--dwarf-start=<var>n</var></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered <var>n</var>. This is only
- useful with <samp>--debug-dump=info</samp>.
- </p>
- <p>If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
- information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered <var>n</var>. Only
- siblings and children of the specified DIE will be printed.
- </p>
- <p>This can be used in conjunction with <samp>--dwarf-depth</samp>.
- </p>
-
-
- </dd>
- <dt><code>--ctf=<var>section</var></code></dt>
- <dd><a name="index-CTF-1"></a>
- <a name="index-Compact-Type-Format-1"></a>
-
- <p>Display the contents of the specified CTF section. CTF sections themselves
- contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>--ctf-parent=<var>section</var></code></dt>
- <dd>
- <p>Specify the name of another section from which the CTF dictionary can inherit
- types. (If none is specified, we assume the CTF dictionary inherits types
- from the default-named member of the archive contained within this section.)
- </p></dd>
- <dt><code>--ctf-symbols=<var>section</var></code></dt>
- <dt><code>--ctf-strings=<var>section</var></code></dt>
- <dd><p>Specify the name of another section from which the CTF file can inherit
- strings and symbols. By default, the <code>.symtab</code> and its linked
- string table are used.
- </p>
- <p>If either of <samp>--ctf-symbols</samp> or <samp>--ctf-strings</samp> is specified, the
- other must be specified as well.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-I</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--histogram</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display a histogram of bucket list lengths when displaying the contents
- of the symbol tables.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-v</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--version</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display the version number of readelf.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-W</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--wide</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Don’t break output lines to fit into 80 columns. By default
- <code>readelf</code> breaks section header and segment listing lines for
- 64-bit ELF files, so that they fit into 80 columns. This option causes
- <code>readelf</code> to print each section header resp. each segment one a
- single line, which is far more readable on terminals wider than 80 columns.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-T</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--silent-truncation</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Normally when readelf is displaying a symbol name, and it has to
- truncate the name to fit into an 80 column display, it will add a
- suffix of <code>[...]</code> to the name. This command line option
- disables this behaviour, allowing 5 more characters of the name to be
- displayed and restoring the old behaviour of readelf (prior to release
- 2.35).
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>-H</code></dt>
- <dt><code>--help</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Display the command-line options understood by <code>readelf</code>.
- </p>
- </dd>
- </dl>
-
-
-
- <hr>
- <div class="header">
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