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<p>
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<hr>
<a name="size-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">6 size</h2>

<a name="index-size"></a>
<a name="index-section-sizes"></a>


<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">size [<samp>-A</samp>|<samp>-B</samp>|<samp>-G</samp>|<samp>--format=</samp><var>compatibility</var>]
     [<samp>--help</samp>]
     [<samp>-d</samp>|<samp>-o</samp>|<samp>-x</samp>|<samp>--radix=</samp><var>number</var>]
     [<samp>--common</samp>]
     [<samp>-t</samp>|<samp>--totals</samp>]
     [<samp>--target=</samp><var>bfdname</var>] [<samp>-V</samp>|<samp>--version</samp>]
     [<var>objfile</var>&hellip;]
</pre></div>


<p>The <small>GNU</small> <code>size</code> utility lists the section sizes and the total
size for each of the binary files <var>objfile</var> on its argument list.
By default, one line of output is generated for each file or each
module if the file is an archive.
</p>
<p><var>objfile</var>&hellip; are the files to be examined.  If none are
specified, the file <code>a.out</code> will be used instead.
</p>


<p>The command-line options have the following meanings:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>-A</code></dt>
<dt><code>-B</code></dt>
<dt><code>-G</code></dt>
<dt><code>--format=<var>compatibility</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-size-display-format"></a>
<p>Using one of these options, you can choose whether the output from <small>GNU</small>
<code>size</code> resembles output from System V <code>size</code> (using <samp>-A</samp>,
or <samp>--format=sysv</samp>), or Berkeley <code>size</code> (using <samp>-B</samp>, or
<samp>--format=berkeley</samp>).  The default is the one-line format similar to
Berkeley&rsquo;s.  Alternatively, you can choose the GNU format output
(using <samp>-G</samp>, or <samp>--format=gnu</samp>), this is similar to
Berkeley&rsquo;s output format, but sizes are counted differently.
</p>
<p>Here is an example of the Berkeley (default) format of output from
<code>size</code>:
</p><div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">$ size --format=Berkeley ranlib size
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
 294880   81920   11592  388392   5ed28 ranlib
 294880   81920   11888  388688   5ee50 size
</pre></div>

<p>The Berkeley style output counts read only data in the <code>text</code>
column, not in the <code>data</code> column, the <code>dec</code> and <code>hex</code>
columns both display the sum of the <code>text</code>, <code>data</code>, and
<code>bss</code> columns in decimal and hexadecimal respectively.
</p>
<p>The GNU format counts read only data in the <code>data</code> column, not
the <code>text</code> column, and only displays the sum of the <code>text</code>,
<code>data</code>, and <code>bss</code> columns once, in the <code>total</code> column.
The <samp>--radix</samp> option can be used to change the number base for
all columns.  Here is the same data displayed with GNU conventions:
</p>
<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">$ size --format=GNU ranlib size
      text       data        bss      total filename
    279880      96920      11592     388392 ranlib
    279880      96920      11888     388688 size
</pre></div>

<p>This is the same data, but displayed closer to System V conventions:
</p>
<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">$ size --format=SysV ranlib size
ranlib  :
section         size         addr
.text         294880         8192
.data          81920       303104
.bss           11592       385024
Total         388392


size  :
section         size         addr
.text         294880         8192
.data          81920       303104
.bss           11888       385024
Total         388688
</pre></div>

</dd>
<dt><code>--help</code></dt>
<dd><p>Show a summary of acceptable arguments and options.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-d</code></dt>
<dt><code>-o</code></dt>
<dt><code>-x</code></dt>
<dt><code>--radix=<var>number</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-size-number-format"></a>
<a name="index-radix-for-section-sizes"></a>
<p>Using one of these options, you can control whether the size of each
section is given in decimal (<samp>-d</samp>, or <samp>--radix=10</samp>); octal
(<samp>-o</samp>, or <samp>--radix=8</samp>); or hexadecimal (<samp>-x</samp>, or
<samp>--radix=16</samp>).  In <samp>--radix=<var>number</var></samp>, only the three
values (8, 10, 16) are supported.  The total size is always given in two
radices; decimal and hexadecimal for <samp>-d</samp> or <samp>-x</samp> output, or
octal and hexadecimal if you&rsquo;re using <samp>-o</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--common</code></dt>
<dd><p>Print total size of common symbols in each file.  When using Berkeley
or GNU format these are included in the bss size.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-t</code></dt>
<dt><code>--totals</code></dt>
<dd><p>Show totals of all objects listed (Berkeley or GNU format mode only).
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--target=<var>bfdname</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-object-code-format-2"></a>
<p>Specify that the object-code format for <var>objfile</var> is
<var>bfdname</var>.  This option may not be necessary; <code>size</code> can
automatically recognize many formats.
See <a href="Target-Selection.html#Target-Selection">Target Selection</a>, for more information.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-V</code></dt>
<dt><code>--version</code></dt>
<dd><p>Display the version number of <code>size</code>.
</p></dd>
</dl>


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