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  61. <a name="Copying"></a>
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  63. <p>
  64. Next: <a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" accesskey="n" rel="next">GNU Free Documentation License</a>, Previous: <a href="GNU-Project.html#GNU-Project" accesskey="p" rel="prev">GNU Project</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
  65. </div>
  66. <hr>
  67. <a name="GNU-General-Public-License"></a>
  68. <h2 class="unnumbered">GNU General Public License</h2>
  69. <div align="center">Version 3, 29 June 2007
  70. </div>
  71. <div class="display">
  72. <pre class="display">Copyright &copy; 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <a href="http://fsf.org/">http://fsf.org/</a>
  73. Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
  74. license document, but changing it is not allowed.
  75. </pre></div>
  76. <a name="Preamble"></a>
  77. <h3 class="heading">Preamble</h3>
  78. <p>The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
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  80. </p>
  81. <p>The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
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  468. paragraph of section 11).
  469. </p>
  470. <p>However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
  471. from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
  472. unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
  473. terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
  474. fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
  475. 60 days after the cessation.
  476. </p>
  477. <p>Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
  478. reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
  479. violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
  480. received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
  481. copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
  482. your receipt of the notice.
  483. </p>
  484. <p>Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
  485. licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
  486. this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
  487. reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
  488. material under section 10.
  489. </p>
  490. </li><li> Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
  491. <p>You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run
  492. a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
  493. occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
  494. to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
  495. nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
  496. modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
  497. not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
  498. covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
  499. </p>
  500. </li><li> Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
  501. <p>Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
  502. receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
  503. propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
  504. for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
  505. </p>
  506. <p>An &ldquo;entity transaction&rdquo; is a transaction transferring control of an
  507. organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
  508. organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
  509. work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
  510. transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
  511. licenses to the work the party&rsquo;s predecessor in interest had or could
  512. give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
  513. Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
  514. the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
  515. </p>
  516. <p>You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
  517. rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
  518. not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
  519. rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
  520. (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
  521. any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
  522. sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
  523. </p>
  524. </li><li> Patents.
  525. <p>A &ldquo;contributor&rdquo; is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
  526. License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
  527. work thus licensed is called the contributor&rsquo;s &ldquo;contributor version&rdquo;.
  528. </p>
  529. <p>A contributor&rsquo;s &ldquo;essential patent claims&rdquo; are all patent claims owned
  530. or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
  531. hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
  532. by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
  533. but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
  534. consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
  535. purposes of this definition, &ldquo;control&rdquo; includes the right to grant
  536. patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
  537. this License.
  538. </p>
  539. <p>Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
  540. patent license under the contributor&rsquo;s essential patent claims, to
  541. make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
  542. propagate the contents of its contributor version.
  543. </p>
  544. <p>In the following three paragraphs, a &ldquo;patent license&rdquo; is any express
  545. agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
  546. (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
  547. sue for patent infringement). To &ldquo;grant&rdquo; such a patent license to a
  548. party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
  549. patent against the party.
  550. </p>
  551. <p>If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
  552. and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
  553. to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
  554. publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
  555. then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
  556. available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
  557. patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
  558. consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
  559. license to downstream recipients. &ldquo;Knowingly relying&rdquo; means you have
  560. actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
  561. covered work in a country, or your recipient&rsquo;s use of the covered work
  562. in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
  563. country that you have reason to believe are valid.
  564. </p>
  565. <p>If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
  566. arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
  567. covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
  568. receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
  569. or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
  570. you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
  571. work and works based on it.
  572. </p>
  573. <p>A patent license is &ldquo;discriminatory&rdquo; if it does not include within the
  574. scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on
  575. the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically
  576. granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you
  577. are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
  578. business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the
  579. third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
  580. work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties
  581. who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
  582. license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by
  583. you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
  584. connection with specific products or compilations that contain the
  585. covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent
  586. license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
  587. </p>
  588. <p>Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
  589. any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
  590. otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
  591. </p>
  592. </li><li> No Surrender of Others&rsquo; Freedom.
  593. <p>If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
  594. otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
  595. excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey
  596. a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
  597. this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
  598. consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree
  599. to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
  600. from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could
  601. satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely
  602. from conveying the Program.
  603. </p>
  604. </li><li> Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
  605. <p>Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
  606. permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
  607. under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
  608. combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
  609. License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
  610. but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
  611. section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
  612. combination as such.
  613. </p>
  614. </li><li> Revised Versions of this License.
  615. <p>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
  616. of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new
  617. versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
  618. differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
  619. </p>
  620. <p>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
  621. specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public
  622. License &ldquo;or any later version&rdquo; applies to it, you have the option of
  623. following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
  624. of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If
  625. the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General
  626. Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free
  627. Software Foundation.
  628. </p>
  629. <p>If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions
  630. of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy&rsquo;s public
  631. statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to
  632. choose that version for the Program.
  633. </p>
  634. <p>Later license versions may give you additional or different
  635. permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
  636. author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
  637. later version.
  638. </p>
  639. </li><li> Disclaimer of Warranty.
  640. <p>THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
  641. APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
  642. HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM &ldquo;AS IS&rdquo; WITHOUT
  643. WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  644. LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  645. A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
  646. PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE
  647. DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
  648. CORRECTION.
  649. </p>
  650. </li><li> Limitation of Liability.
  651. <p>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
  652. WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR
  653. CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
  654. INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
  655. ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT
  656. NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
  657. LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM
  658. TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
  659. PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
  660. </p>
  661. </li><li> Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
  662. <p>If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
  663. above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
  664. reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
  665. an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
  666. Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
  667. copy of the Program in return for a fee.
  668. </p>
  669. </li></ol>
  670. <a name="END-OF-TERMS-AND-CONDITIONS"></a>
  671. <h3 class="heading">END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h3>
  672. <a name="How-to-Apply-These-Terms-to-Your-New-Programs"></a>
  673. <h3 class="heading">How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</h3>
  674. <p>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
  675. possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
  676. free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
  677. terms.
  678. </p>
  679. <p>To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
  680. to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
  681. state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
  682. the &ldquo;copyright&rdquo; line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
  683. </p>
  684. <div class="smallexample">
  685. <pre class="smallexample"><var>one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.</var>
  686. Copyright (C) <var>year</var> <var>name of author</var>
  687. This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  688. it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  689. the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
  690. your option) any later version.
  691. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  692. WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  693. MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  694. General Public License for more details.
  695. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  696. along with this program. If not, see <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
  697. </pre></div>
  698. <p>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
  699. </p>
  700. <p>If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
  701. notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
  702. </p>
  703. <div class="smallexample">
  704. <pre class="smallexample"><var>program</var> Copyright (C) <var>year</var> <var>name of author</var>
  705. This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type &lsquo;<samp>show w</samp>&rsquo;.
  706. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
  707. under certain conditions; type &lsquo;<samp>show c</samp>&rsquo; for details.
  708. </pre></div>
  709. <p>The hypothetical commands &lsquo;<samp>show w</samp>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<samp>show c</samp>&rsquo; should show
  710. the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
  711. program&rsquo;s commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
  712. use an &ldquo;about box&rdquo;.
  713. </p>
  714. <p>You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
  715. if any, to sign a &ldquo;copyright disclaimer&rdquo; for the program, if necessary.
  716. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
  717. <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
  718. </p>
  719. <p>The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
  720. program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
  721. library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
  722. applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use
  723. the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But
  724. first, please read <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
  725. </p>
  726. <hr>
  727. <div class="header">
  728. <p>
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