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<a name="Core-File-Generation"></a>
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<hr>
<a name="How-to-Produce-a-Core-File-from-Your-Program"></a>
<h3 class="section">10.19 How to Produce a Core File from Your Program</h3>
<a name="index-dump-core-from-inferior"></a>

<p>A <em>core file</em> or <em>core dump</em> is a file that records the memory
image of a running process and its process status (register values
etc.).  Its primary use is post-mortem debugging of a program that
crashed while it ran outside a debugger.  A program that crashes
automatically produces a core file, unless this feature is disabled by
the user.  See <a href="Files.html#Files">Files</a>, for information on invoking <small>GDB</small> in
the post-mortem debugging mode.
</p>
<p>Occasionally, you may wish to produce a core file of the program you
are debugging in order to preserve a snapshot of its state.
<small>GDB</small> has a special command for that.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dd><a name="index-gcore"></a>
<a name="index-generate_002dcore_002dfile"></a>
</dd>
<dt><code>generate-core-file [<var>file</var>]</code></dt>
<dt><code>gcore [<var>file</var>]</code></dt>
<dd><p>Produce a core dump of the inferior process.  The optional argument
<var>file</var> specifies the file name where to put the core dump.  If not
specified, the file name defaults to <samp>core.<var>pid</var></samp>, where
<var>pid</var> is the inferior process ID.
</p>
<p>Note that this command is implemented only for some systems (as of
this writing, <small>GNU</small>/Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, and S390).
</p>
<p>On <small>GNU</small>/Linux, this command can take into account the value of the
file <samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/coredump_filter</samp> when generating the core
dump (see <a href="#set-use_002dcoredump_002dfilter">set use-coredump-filter</a>), and by default honors the
<code>VM_DONTDUMP</code> flag for mappings where it is present in the file
<samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/smaps</samp> (see <a href="#set-dump_002dexcluded_002dmappings">set dump-excluded-mappings</a>).
</p>
<a name="index-set-use_002dcoredump_002dfilter"></a>
<a name="set-use_002dcoredump_002dfilter"></a></dd>
<dt><code>set use-coredump-filter on</code></dt>
<dt><code>set use-coredump-filter off</code></dt>
<dd><p>Enable or disable the use of the file
<samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/coredump_filter</samp> when generating core dump
files.  This file is used by the Linux kernel to decide what types of
memory mappings will be dumped or ignored when generating a core dump
file.  <var>pid</var> is the process ID of a currently running process.
</p>
<p>To make use of this feature, you have to write in the
<samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/coredump_filter</samp> file a value, in hexadecimal,
which is a bit mask representing the memory mapping types.  If a bit
is set in the bit mask, then the memory mappings of the corresponding
types will be dumped; otherwise, they will be ignored.  This
configuration is inherited by child processes.  For more information
about the bits that can be set in the
<samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/coredump_filter</samp> file, please refer to the
manpage of <code>core(5)</code>.
</p>
<p>By default, this option is <code>on</code>.  If this option is turned
<code>off</code>, <small>GDB</small> does not read the <samp>coredump_filter</samp> file
and instead uses the same default value as the Linux kernel in order
to decide which pages will be dumped in the core dump file.  This
value is currently <code>0x33</code>, which means that bits <code>0</code>
(anonymous private mappings), <code>1</code> (anonymous shared mappings),
<code>4</code> (ELF headers) and <code>5</code> (private huge pages) are active.
This will cause these memory mappings to be dumped automatically.
</p>
<a name="index-set-dump_002dexcluded_002dmappings"></a>
<a name="set-dump_002dexcluded_002dmappings"></a></dd>
<dt><code>set dump-excluded-mappings on</code></dt>
<dt><code>set dump-excluded-mappings off</code></dt>
<dd><p>If <code>on</code> is specified, <small>GDB</small> will dump memory mappings
marked with the <code>VM_DONTDUMP</code> flag.  This flag is represented in
the file <samp>/proc/<var>pid</var>/smaps</samp> with the acronym <code>dd</code>.
</p>
<p>The default value is <code>off</code>.
</p></dd>
</dl>

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