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  16. <title>Word Designators (Debugging with GDB)</title>
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  57. <a name="Word-Designators"></a>
  58. <div class="header">
  59. <p>
  60. Next: <a href="Modifiers.html#Modifiers" accesskey="n" rel="next">Modifiers</a>, Previous: <a href="Event-Designators.html#Event-Designators" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Event Designators</a>, Up: <a href="History-Interaction.html#History-Interaction" accesskey="u" rel="up">History Interaction</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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  62. <hr>
  63. <a name="Word-Designators-1"></a>
  64. <h4 class="subsection">33.1.2 Word Designators</h4>
  65. <p>Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
  66. A &lsquo;<samp>:</samp>&rsquo; separates the event specification from the word designator. It
  67. may be omitted if the word designator begins with a &lsquo;<samp>^</samp>&rsquo;, &lsquo;<samp>$</samp>&rsquo;,
  68. &lsquo;<samp>*</samp>&rsquo;, &lsquo;<samp>-</samp>&rsquo;, or &lsquo;<samp>%</samp>&rsquo;. Words are numbered from the beginning
  69. of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are
  70. inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.
  71. </p>
  72. <p>For example,
  73. </p>
  74. <dl compact="compact">
  75. <dt><code>!!</code></dt>
  76. <dd><p>designates the preceding command. When you type this, the preceding
  77. command is repeated in toto.
  78. </p>
  79. </dd>
  80. <dt><code>!!:$</code></dt>
  81. <dd><p>designates the last argument of the preceding command. This may be
  82. shortened to <code>!$</code>.
  83. </p>
  84. </dd>
  85. <dt><code>!fi:2</code></dt>
  86. <dd><p>designates the second argument of the most recent command starting with
  87. the letters <code>fi</code>.
  88. </p></dd>
  89. </dl>
  90. <p>Here are the word designators:
  91. </p>
  92. <dl compact="compact">
  93. <dt><code>0 (zero)</code></dt>
  94. <dd><p>The <code>0</code>th word. For many applications, this is the command word.
  95. </p>
  96. </dd>
  97. <dt><code><var>n</var></code></dt>
  98. <dd><p>The <var>n</var>th word.
  99. </p>
  100. </dd>
  101. <dt><code>^</code></dt>
  102. <dd><p>The first argument; that is, word 1.
  103. </p>
  104. </dd>
  105. <dt><code>$</code></dt>
  106. <dd><p>The last argument.
  107. </p>
  108. </dd>
  109. <dt><code>%</code></dt>
  110. <dd><p>The word matched by the most recent &lsquo;<samp>?<var>string</var>?</samp>&rsquo; search.
  111. </p>
  112. </dd>
  113. <dt><code><var>x</var>-<var>y</var></code></dt>
  114. <dd><p>A range of words; &lsquo;<samp>-<var>y</var></samp>&rsquo; abbreviates &lsquo;<samp>0-<var>y</var></samp>&rsquo;.
  115. </p>
  116. </dd>
  117. <dt><code>*</code></dt>
  118. <dd><p>All of the words, except the <code>0</code>th. This is a synonym for &lsquo;<samp>1-$</samp>&rsquo;.
  119. It is not an error to use &lsquo;<samp>*</samp>&rsquo; if there is just one word in the event;
  120. the empty string is returned in that case.
  121. </p>
  122. </dd>
  123. <dt><code><var>x</var>*</code></dt>
  124. <dd><p>Abbreviates &lsquo;<samp><var>x</var>-$</samp>&rsquo;
  125. </p>
  126. </dd>
  127. <dt><code><var>x</var>-</code></dt>
  128. <dd><p>Abbreviates &lsquo;<samp><var>x</var>-$</samp>&rsquo; like &lsquo;<samp><var>x</var>*</samp>&rsquo;, but omits the last word.
  129. </p>
  130. </dd>
  131. </dl>
  132. <p>If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
  133. previous command is used as the event.
  134. </p>
  135. <hr>
  136. <div class="header">
  137. <p>
  138. Next: <a href="Modifiers.html#Modifiers" accesskey="n" rel="next">Modifiers</a>, Previous: <a href="Event-Designators.html#Event-Designators" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Event Designators</a>, Up: <a href="History-Interaction.html#History-Interaction" accesskey="u" rel="up">History Interaction</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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