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  1. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

  2. <html>

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  17. <title>M68K-Opts (Using as)</title>

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  27. <link href="M68K_002dDependent.html#M68K_002dDependent" rel="up" title="M68K-Dependent">

  28. <link href="M68K_002dSyntax.html#M68K_002dSyntax" rel="next" title="M68K-Syntax">

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  60. 

  61. <body lang="en">

  62. <a name="M68K_002dOpts"></a>

  63. <div class="header">

  64. <p>

  65. Next: <a href="M68K_002dSyntax.html#M68K_002dSyntax" accesskey="n" rel="next">M68K-Syntax</a>, Up: <a href="M68K_002dDependent.html#M68K_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">M68K-Dependent</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>

  66. </div>

  67. <hr>

  68. <a name="M680x0-Options"></a>

  69. <h4 class="subsection">9.22.1 M680x0 Options</h4>

  70. 

  71. <a name="index-options_002c-M680x0"></a>

  72. <a name="index-M680x0-options"></a>

  73. <p>The Motorola 680x0 version of <code>as</code> has a few machine

  74. dependent options:

  75. </p>

  76. <dl compact="compact">

  77. <dd>

  78. <a name="index-_002dmarch_003d-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  79. </dd>

  80. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-march=<var>architecture</var></samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  81. <dd><p>This option specifies a target architecture.  The following

  82. architectures are recognized:

  83. <code>68000</code>,

  84. <code>68010</code>,

  85. <code>68020</code>,

  86. <code>68030</code>,

  87. <code>68040</code>,

  88. <code>68060</code>,

  89. <code>cpu32</code>,

  90. <code>isaa</code>,

  91. <code>isaaplus</code>,

  92. <code>isab</code>,

  93. <code>isac</code> and

  94. <code>cfv4e</code>.

  95. </p>

  96. 

  97. <a name="index-_002dmcpu_003d-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  98. </dd>

  99. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mcpu=<var>cpu</var></samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  100. <dd><p>This option specifies a target cpu.  When used in conjunction with the

  101. <samp>-march</samp> option, the cpu must be within the specified

  102. architecture.  Also, the generic features of the architecture are used

  103. for instruction generation, rather than those of the specific chip.

  104. </p>

  105. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005d68851-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  106. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005d68881-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  107. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005ddiv-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  108. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005dusp-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  109. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005dfloat-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  110. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005dmac-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  111. <a name="index-_002dm_005bno_002d_005demac-command_002dline-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  112. </dd>

  113. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]68851</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  114. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]68881</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  115. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]div</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  116. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]usp</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  117. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]float</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  118. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]mac</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  119. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m[no-]emac</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  120. <dd>

  121. <p>Enable or disable various architecture specific features.  If a chip

  122. or architecture by default supports an option (for instance

  123. <samp>-march=isaaplus</samp> includes the <samp>-mdiv</samp> option),

  124. explicitly disabling the option will override the default.

  125. </p>

  126. <a name="index-_002dl-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  127. </dd>

  128. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-l</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  129. <dd><p>You can use the &lsquo;<samp>-l</samp>&rsquo; option to shorten the size of references to undefined

  130. symbols.  If you do not use the &lsquo;<samp>-l</samp>&rsquo; option, references to undefined

  131. symbols are wide enough for a full <code>long</code> (32 bits).  (Since

  132. <code>as</code> cannot know where these symbols end up, <code>as</code> can

  133. only allocate space for the linker to fill in later.  Since <code>as</code>

  134. does not know how far away these symbols are, it allocates as much space as it

  135. can.)  If you use this option, the references are only one word wide (16 bits).

  136. This may be useful if you want the object file to be as small as possible, and

  137. you know that the relevant symbols are always less than 17 bits away.

  138. </p>

  139. <a name="index-_002d_002dregister_002dprefix_002doptional-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  140. </dd>

  141. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>--register-prefix-optional</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  142. <dd><p>For some configurations, especially those where the compiler normally

  143. does not prepend an underscore to the names of user variables, the

  144. assembler requires a &lsquo;<samp>%</samp>&rsquo; before any use of a register name.  This

  145. is intended to let the assembler distinguish between C variables and

  146. functions named &lsquo;<samp>a0</samp>&rsquo; through &lsquo;<samp>a7</samp>&rsquo;, and so on.  The &lsquo;<samp>%</samp>&rsquo; is

  147. always accepted, but is not required for certain configurations, notably

  148. &lsquo;<samp>sun3</samp>&rsquo;.  The &lsquo;<samp>--register-prefix-optional</samp>&rsquo; option may be used

  149. to permit omitting the &lsquo;<samp>%</samp>&rsquo; even for configurations for which it is

  150. normally required.  If this is done, it will generally be impossible to

  151. refer to C variables and functions with the same names as register

  152. names.

  153. </p>

  154. <a name="index-_002d_002dbitwise_002dor-option_002c-M680x0"></a>

  155. </dd>

  156. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>--bitwise-or</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  157. <dd><p>Normally the character &lsquo;<samp>|</samp>&rsquo; is treated as a comment character, which

  158. means that it can not be used in expressions.  The &lsquo;<samp>--bitwise-or</samp>&rsquo;

  159. option turns &lsquo;<samp>|</samp>&rsquo; into a normal character.  In this mode, you must

  160. either use C style comments, or start comments with a &lsquo;<samp>#</samp>&rsquo; character

  161. at the beginning of a line.

  162. </p>

  163. <a name="index-_002d_002dbase_002dsize_002ddefault_002d16"></a>

  164. <a name="index-_002d_002dbase_002dsize_002ddefault_002d32"></a>

  165. </dd>

  166. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>--base-size-default-16  --base-size-default-32</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  167. <dd><p>If you use an addressing mode with a base register without specifying

  168. the size, <code>as</code> will normally use the full 32 bit value.

  169. For example, the addressing mode &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(%d0)</samp>&rsquo; is equivalent to

  170. &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(%d0:l)</samp>&rsquo;.  You may use the &lsquo;<samp>--base-size-default-16</samp>&rsquo;

  171. option to tell <code>as</code> to default to using the 16 bit value.

  172. In this case, &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(%d0)</samp>&rsquo; is equivalent to &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(%d0:w)</samp>&rsquo;.

  173. You may use the &lsquo;<samp>--base-size-default-32</samp>&rsquo; option to restore the

  174. default behaviour.

  175. </p>

  176. <a name="index-_002d_002ddisp_002dsize_002ddefault_002d16"></a>

  177. <a name="index-_002d_002ddisp_002dsize_002ddefault_002d32"></a>

  178. </dd>

  179. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>--disp-size-default-16  --disp-size-default-32</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  180. <dd><p>If you use an addressing mode with a displacement, and the value of the

  181. displacement is not known, <code>as</code> will normally assume that

  182. the value is 32 bits.  For example, if the symbol &lsquo;<samp>disp</samp>&rsquo; has not

  183. been defined, <code>as</code> will assemble the addressing mode

  184. &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(disp,%d0)</samp>&rsquo; as though &lsquo;<samp>disp</samp>&rsquo; is a 32 bit value.  You may

  185. use the &lsquo;<samp>--disp-size-default-16</samp>&rsquo; option to tell <code>as</code>

  186. to instead assume that the displacement is 16 bits.  In this case,

  187. <code>as</code> will assemble &lsquo;<samp>%a0@(disp,%d0)</samp>&rsquo; as though

  188. &lsquo;<samp>disp</samp>&rsquo; is a 16 bit value.  You may use the

  189. &lsquo;<samp>--disp-size-default-32</samp>&rsquo; option to restore the default behaviour.

  190. </p>

  191. <a name="index-_002d_002dpcrel"></a>

  192. </dd>

  193. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>--pcrel</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  194. <dd><p>Always keep branches PC-relative.  In the M680x0 architecture all branches

  195. are defined as PC-relative.  However, on some processors they are limited

  196. to word displacements maximum.  When <code>as</code> needs a long branch

  197. that is not available, it normally emits an absolute jump instead.  This

  198. option disables this substitution.  When this option is given and no long

  199. branches are available, only word branches will be emitted.  An error

  200. message will be generated if a word branch cannot reach its target.  This

  201. option has no effect on 68020 and other processors that have long branches.

  202. see <a href="M68K_002dBranch.html#M68K_002dBranch">Branch Improvement</a>.

  203. </p>

  204. <a name="index-_002dm68000-and-related-options"></a>

  205. <a name="index-architecture-options_002c-M680x0"></a>

  206. <a name="index-M680x0-architecture-options"></a>

  207. </dd>

  208. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68000</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  209. <dd><p><code>as</code> can assemble code for several different members of the

  210. Motorola 680x0 family.  The default depends upon how <code>as</code>

  211. was configured when it was built; normally, the default is to assemble

  212. code for the 68020 microprocessor.  The following options may be used to

  213. change the default.  These options control which instructions and

  214. addressing modes are permitted.  The members of the 680x0 family are

  215. very similar.  For detailed information about the differences, see the

  216. Motorola manuals.

  217. </p>

  218. <dl compact="compact">

  219. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68000</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  220. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68ec000</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  221. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68hc000</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  222. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68hc001</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  223. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68008</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  224. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68302</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  225. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68306</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  226. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68307</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  227. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68322</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  228. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68356</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  229. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68000. &lsquo;<samp>-m68008</samp>&rsquo;, &lsquo;<samp>-m68302</samp>&rsquo;, and so on are synonyms

  230. for &lsquo;<samp>-m68000</samp>&rsquo;, since the chips are the same from the point of view

  231. of the assembler.

  232. </p>

  233. </dd>

  234. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68010</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  235. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68010.

  236. </p>

  237. </dd>

  238. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68020</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  239. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68ec020</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  240. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68020.  This is normally the default.

  241. </p>

  242. </dd>

  243. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68030</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  244. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68ec030</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  245. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68030.

  246. </p>

  247. </dd>

  248. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68040</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  249. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68ec040</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  250. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68040.

  251. </p>

  252. </dd>

  253. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68060</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  254. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68ec060</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  255. <dd><p>Assemble for the 68060.

  256. </p>

  257. </dd>

  258. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mcpu32</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  259. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68330</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  260. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68331</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  261. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68332</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  262. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68333</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  263. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68334</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  264. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68336</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  265. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68340</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  266. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68341</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  267. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68349</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  268. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68360</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  269. <dd><p>Assemble for the CPU32 family of chips.

  270. </p>

  271. </dd>

  272. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5200</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  273. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5202</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  274. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5204</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  275. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5206</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  276. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5206e</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  277. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m521x</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  278. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5249</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  279. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m528x</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  280. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5307</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  281. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m5407</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  282. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m547x</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  283. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m548x</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  284. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mcfv4</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  285. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mcfv4e</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  286. <dd><p>Assemble for the ColdFire family of chips.

  287. </p>

  288. </dd>

  289. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68881</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  290. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68882</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  291. <dd><p>Assemble 68881 floating point instructions.  This is the default for the

  292. 68020, 68030, and the CPU32.  The 68040 and 68060 always support

  293. floating point instructions.

  294. </p>

  295. </dd>

  296. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mno-68881</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  297. <dd><p>Do not assemble 68881 floating point instructions.  This is the default

  298. for 68000 and the 68010.  The 68040 and 68060 always support floating

  299. point instructions, even if this option is used.

  300. </p>

  301. </dd>

  302. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-m68851</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  303. <dd><p>Assemble 68851 MMU instructions.  This is the default for the 68020,

  304. 68030, and 68060.  The 68040 accepts a somewhat different set of MMU

  305. instructions; &lsquo;<samp>-m68851</samp>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<samp>-m68040</samp>&rsquo; should not be used

  306. together.

  307. </p>

  308. </dd>

  309. <dt>&lsquo;<samp>-mno-68851</samp>&rsquo;</dt>

  310. <dd><p>Do not assemble 68851 MMU instructions.  This is the default for the

  311. 68000, 68010, and the CPU32.  The 68040 accepts a somewhat different set

  312. of MMU instructions.

  313. </p></dd>

  314. </dl>

  315. </dd>

  316. </dl>

  317. 

  318. <hr>

  319. <div class="header">

  320. <p>

  321. Next: <a href="M68K_002dSyntax.html#M68K_002dSyntax" accesskey="n" rel="next">M68K-Syntax</a>, Up: <a href="M68K_002dDependent.html#M68K_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">M68K-Dependent</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>

  322. </div>

  323. 

  324. 

  325. 

  326. </body>

  327. </html>