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  70. <a name="Modern-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API"></a>

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  73. Next: <a href="Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="n" rel="next">Traditional GNU Objective-C runtime API</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU Objective-C runtime API</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>

  74. </div>

  75. <hr>

  76. <a name="Modern-GNU-Objective_002dC-Runtime-API"></a>

  77. <h4 class="subsection">8.1.1 Modern GNU Objective-C Runtime API</h4>

  78. 

  79. <p>The GNU Objective-C runtime provides an API which is similar to the

  80. one provided by the &ldquo;Objective-C 2.0&rdquo; Apple/NeXT Objective-C

  81. runtime.  The API is documented in the public header files of the GNU

  82. Objective-C runtime:

  83. </p>

  84. <ul>

  85. <li> <samp>objc/objc.h</samp>: this is the basic Objective-C header file,

  86. defining the basic Objective-C types such as <code>id</code>, <code>Class</code>

  87. and <code>BOOL</code>.  You have to include this header to do almost

  88. anything with Objective-C.

  89. 

  90. </li><li> <samp>objc/runtime.h</samp>: this header declares most of the public runtime

  91. API functions allowing you to inspect and manipulate the Objective-C

  92. runtime data structures.  These functions are fairly standardized

  93. across Objective-C runtimes and are almost identical to the Apple/NeXT

  94. Objective-C runtime ones.  It does not declare functions in some

  95. specialized areas (constructing and forwarding message invocations,

  96. threading) which are in the other headers below.  You have to include

  97. <samp>objc/objc.h</samp> and <samp>objc/runtime.h</samp> to use any of the

  98. functions, such as <code>class_getName()</code>, declared in

  99. <samp>objc/runtime.h</samp>.

  100. 

  101. </li><li> <samp>objc/message.h</samp>: this header declares public functions used to

  102. construct, deconstruct and forward message invocations.  Because

  103. messaging is done in quite a different way on different runtimes,

  104. functions in this header are specific to the GNU Objective-C runtime

  105. implementation.

  106. 

  107. </li><li> <samp>objc/objc-exception.h</samp>: this header declares some public

  108. functions related to Objective-C exceptions.  For example functions in

  109. this header allow you to throw an Objective-C exception from plain

  110. C/C++ code.

  111. 

  112. </li><li> <samp>objc/objc-sync.h</samp>: this header declares some public functions

  113. related to the Objective-C <code>@synchronized()</code> syntax, allowing

  114. you to emulate an Objective-C <code>@synchronized()</code> block in plain

  115. C/C++ code.

  116. 

  117. </li><li> <samp>objc/thr.h</samp>: this header declares a public runtime API threading

  118. layer that is only provided by the GNU Objective-C runtime.  It

  119. declares functions such as <code>objc_mutex_lock()</code>, which provide a

  120. platform-independent set of threading functions.

  121. 

  122. </li></ul>

  123. 

  124. <p>The header files contain detailed documentation for each function in

  125. the GNU Objective-C runtime API.

  126. </p>

  127. <hr>

  128. <div class="header">

  129. <p>

  130. Next: <a href="Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="n" rel="next">Traditional GNU Objective-C runtime API</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU Objective-C runtime API</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>

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