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  132. .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
  133. .\" ========================================================================
  134. .\"
  135. .IX Title "OBJDUMP 1"
  136. .TH OBJDUMP 1 "2020-11-24" "binutils-2.35.1" "GNU Development Tools"
  137. .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
  138. .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
  139. .if n .ad l
  140. .nh
  141. .SH "NAME"
  142. objdump \- display information from object files
  143. .SH "SYNOPSIS"
  144. .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
  145. objdump [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-headers\fR]
  146. [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR]
  147. [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR] ]
  148. [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\fR[=\fIsymbol\fR]]
  149. [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR]
  150. [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR]
  151. [\fB\-EB\fR|\fB\-EL\fR|\fB\-\-endian=\fR{big | little }]
  152. [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR]
  153. [\fB\-F\fR|\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR]
  154. [\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR]
  155. [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\fR]
  156. [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR]
  157. [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR]
  158. [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-info\fR]
  159. [\fB\-j\fR \fIsection\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIsection\fR]
  160. [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR]
  161. [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-source\fR]
  162. [\fB\-\-source\-comment\fR[=\fItext\fR]]
  163. [\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR|\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR]
  164. [\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR]
  165. [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR]
  166. [\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR]
  167. [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reloc\fR]
  168. [\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR]
  169. [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR]
  170. [\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAckK]\fR|
  171. \fB\-\-dwarf\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=str\-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow\-links]]
  172. [\fB\-\-ctf=\fR\fIsection\fR]
  173. [\fB\-G\fR|\fB\-\-stabs\fR]
  174. [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR]
  175. [\fB\-T\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR]
  176. [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR]
  177. [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR]
  178. [\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]
  179. [\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]
  180. [\fB\-\-no\-addresses\fR]
  181. [\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR]
  182. [\fB\-\-[no\-]show\-raw\-insn\fR]
  183. [\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR]
  184. [\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR]
  185. [\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR]
  186. [\fB\-\-ctf\-parent=\fR\fIsection\fR]
  187. [\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR|\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR]
  188. [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR]
  189. [\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR]
  190. [\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR]
  191. [\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR]
  192. [\fB\-\-visualize\-jumps[=color|=extended\-color|=off]\fR
  193. [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR]
  194. [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR]
  195. \fIobjfile\fR...
  196. .SH "DESCRIPTION"
  197. .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
  198. \&\fBobjdump\fR displays information about one or more object files.
  199. The options control what particular information to display. This
  200. information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the
  201. compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their
  202. program to compile and work.
  203. .PP
  204. \&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined. When you
  205. specify archives, \fBobjdump\fR shows information on each of the member
  206. object files.
  207. .SH "OPTIONS"
  208. .IX Header "OPTIONS"
  209. The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
  210. equivalent. At least one option from the list
  211. \&\fB\-a,\-d,\-D,\-e,\-f,\-g,\-G,\-h,\-H,\-p,\-P,\-r,\-R,\-s,\-S,\-t,\-T,\-V,\-x\fR must be given.
  212. .IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4
  213. .IX Item "-a"
  214. .PD 0
  215. .IP "\fB\-\-archive\-header\fR" 4
  216. .IX Item "--archive-header"
  217. .PD
  218. If any of the \fIobjfile\fR files are archives, display the archive
  219. header information (in a format similar to \fBls \-l\fR). Besides the
  220. information you could list with \fBar tv\fR, \fBobjdump \-a\fR shows
  221. the object file format of each archive member.
  222. .IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR" 4
  223. .IX Item "--adjust-vma=offset"
  224. When dumping information, first add \fIoffset\fR to all the section
  225. addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to
  226. the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular
  227. addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses,
  228. such as a.out.
  229. .IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4
  230. .IX Item "-b bfdname"
  231. .PD 0
  232. .IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4
  233. .IX Item "--target=bfdname"
  234. .PD
  235. Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
  236. \&\fIbfdname\fR. This option may not be necessary; \fIobjdump\fR can
  237. automatically recognize many formats.
  238. .Sp
  239. For example,
  240. .Sp
  241. .Vb 1
  242. \& objdump \-b oasys \-m vax \-h fu.o
  243. .Ve
  244. .Sp
  245. displays summary information from the section headers (\fB\-h\fR) of
  246. \&\fIfu.o\fR, which is explicitly identified (\fB\-m\fR) as a \s-1VAX\s0 object
  247. file in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the
  248. formats available with the \fB\-i\fR option.
  249. .IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4
  250. .IX Item "-C"
  251. .PD 0
  252. .IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4
  253. .IX Item "--demangle[=style]"
  254. .PD
  255. Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
  256. Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
  257. makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different
  258. mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
  259. choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.
  260. .IP "\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
  261. .IX Item "--recurse-limit"
  262. .PD 0
  263. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
  264. .IX Item "--no-recurse-limit"
  265. .IP "\fB\-\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
  266. .IX Item "--recursion-limit"
  267. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
  268. .IX Item "--no-recursion-limit"
  269. .PD
  270. Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed
  271. whilst demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for
  272. an inifinite level of recursion it is possible to create strings whose
  273. decoding will exhaust the amount of stack space available on the host
  274. machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to prevent this
  275. from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.
  276. .Sp
  277. The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be
  278. necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however
  279. that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is
  280. possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.
  281. .IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4
  282. .IX Item "-g"
  283. .PD 0
  284. .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4
  285. .IX Item "--debugging"
  286. .PD
  287. Display debugging information. This attempts to parse \s-1STABS\s0
  288. debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using
  289. a C like syntax. If no \s-1STABS\s0 debugging was found this option
  290. falls back on the \fB\-W\fR option to print any \s-1DWARF\s0 information in
  291. the file.
  292. .IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4
  293. .IX Item "-e"
  294. .PD 0
  295. .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR" 4
  296. .IX Item "--debugging-tags"
  297. .PD
  298. Like \fB\-g\fR, but the information is generated in a format compatible
  299. with ctags tool.
  300. .IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4
  301. .IX Item "-d"
  302. .PD 0
  303. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\fR" 4
  304. .IX Item "--disassemble"
  305. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble=\fR\fIsymbol\fR" 4
  306. .IX Item "--disassemble=symbol"
  307. .PD
  308. Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from the
  309. input file. This option only disassembles those sections which are
  310. expected to contain instructions. If the optional \fIsymbol\fR
  311. argument is given, then display the assembler mnemonics starting at
  312. \&\fIsymbol\fR. If \fIsymbol\fR is a function name then disassembly
  313. will stop at the end of the function, otherwise it will stop when the
  314. next symbol is encountered. If there are no matches for \fIsymbol\fR
  315. then nothing will be displayed.
  316. .Sp
  317. Note if the \fB\-\-dwarf=follow\-links\fR option has also been enabled
  318. then any symbol tables in linked debug info files will be read in and
  319. used when disassembling.
  320. .IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4
  321. .IX Item "-D"
  322. .PD 0
  323. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR" 4
  324. .IX Item "--disassemble-all"
  325. .PD
  326. Like \fB\-d\fR, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just
  327. those expected to contain instructions.
  328. .Sp
  329. This option also has a subtle effect on the disassembly of
  330. instructions in code sections. When option \fB\-d\fR is in effect
  331. objdump will assume that any symbols present in a code section occur
  332. on the boundary between instructions and it will refuse to disassemble
  333. across such a boundary. When option \fB\-D\fR is in effect however
  334. this assumption is supressed. This means that it is possible for the
  335. output of \fB\-d\fR and \fB\-D\fR to differ if, for example, data
  336. is stored in code sections.
  337. .Sp
  338. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture this switch also has the effect
  339. of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code
  340. sections as if they were instructions.
  341. .Sp
  342. Note if the \fB\-\-dwarf=follow\-links\fR option has also been enabled
  343. then any symbol tables in linked debug info files will be read in and
  344. used when disassembling.
  345. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-addresses\fR" 4
  346. .IX Item "--no-addresses"
  347. When disassembling, don't print addresses on each line or for symbols
  348. and relocation offsets. In combination with \fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR
  349. this may be useful for comparing compiler output.
  350. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR" 4
  351. .IX Item "--prefix-addresses"
  352. When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is
  353. the older disassembly format.
  354. .IP "\fB\-EB\fR" 4
  355. .IX Item "-EB"
  356. .PD 0
  357. .IP "\fB\-EL\fR" 4
  358. .IX Item "-EL"
  359. .IP "\fB\-\-endian={big|little}\fR" 4
  360. .IX Item "--endian={big|little}"
  361. .PD
  362. Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects
  363. disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format which
  364. does not describe endianness information, such as S\-records.
  365. .IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4
  366. .IX Item "-f"
  367. .PD 0
  368. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR" 4
  369. .IX Item "--file-headers"
  370. .PD
  371. Display summary information from the overall header of
  372. each of the \fIobjfile\fR files.
  373. .IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4
  374. .IX Item "-F"
  375. .PD 0
  376. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR" 4
  377. .IX Item "--file-offsets"
  378. .PD
  379. When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also
  380. display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be
  381. dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes,
  382. tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the
  383. location from where the disassembly resumes. When dumping sections,
  384. display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts.
  385. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR" 4
  386. .IX Item "--file-start-context"
  387. Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly
  388. (assumes \fB\-S\fR) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the
  389. context to the start of the file.
  390. .IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4
  391. .IX Item "-h"
  392. .PD 0
  393. .IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4
  394. .IX Item "--section-headers"
  395. .IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4
  396. .IX Item "--headers"
  397. .PD
  398. Display summary information from the section headers of the
  399. object file.
  400. .Sp
  401. File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by
  402. using the \fB\-Ttext\fR, \fB\-Tdata\fR, or \fB\-Tbss\fR options to
  403. \&\fBld\fR. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not
  404. store the starting address of the file segments. In those situations,
  405. although \fBld\fR relocates the sections correctly, using \fBobjdump
  406. \&\-h\fR to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses.
  407. Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the
  408. target.
  409. .Sp
  410. Note, in some cases it is possible for a section to have both the
  411. \&\s-1READONLY\s0 and the \s-1NOREAD\s0 attributes set. In such cases the \s-1NOREAD\s0
  412. attribute takes precedence, but \fBobjdump\fR will report both
  413. since the exact setting of the flag bits might be important.
  414. .IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4
  415. .IX Item "-H"
  416. .PD 0
  417. .IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4
  418. .IX Item "--help"
  419. .PD
  420. Print a summary of the options to \fBobjdump\fR and exit.
  421. .IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4
  422. .IX Item "-i"
  423. .PD 0
  424. .IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4
  425. .IX Item "--info"
  426. .PD
  427. Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available
  428. for specification with \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-m\fR.
  429. .IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIname\fR" 4
  430. .IX Item "-j name"
  431. .PD 0
  432. .IP "\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR" 4
  433. .IX Item "--section=name"
  434. .PD
  435. Display information only for section \fIname\fR.
  436. .IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4
  437. .IX Item "-l"
  438. .PD 0
  439. .IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4
  440. .IX Item "--line-numbers"
  441. .PD
  442. Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and
  443. source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown.
  444. Only useful with \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-D\fR, or \fB\-r\fR.
  445. .IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4
  446. .IX Item "-m machine"
  447. .PD 0
  448. .IP "\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4
  449. .IX Item "--architecture=machine"
  450. .PD
  451. Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This
  452. can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe
  453. architecture information, such as S\-records. You can list the available
  454. architectures with the \fB\-i\fR option.
  455. .Sp
  456. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch has an
  457. additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those
  458. instructions supported by the architecture specified by \fImachine\fR.
  459. If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not
  460. contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to
  461. disassemble all the instructions use \fB\-marm\fR.
  462. .IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
  463. .IX Item "-M options"
  464. .PD 0
  465. .IP "\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4
  466. .IX Item "--disassembler-options=options"
  467. .PD
  468. Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on
  469. some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one
  470. disassembler option then multiple \fB\-M\fR options can be used or
  471. can be placed together into a comma separated list.
  472. .Sp
  473. For \s-1ARC, \s0\fBdsp\fR controls the printing of \s-1DSP\s0 instructions,
  474. \&\fBspfp\fR selects the printing of \s-1FPX\s0 single precision \s-1FP\s0
  475. instructions, \fBdpfp\fR selects the printing of \s-1FPX\s0 double
  476. precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions, \fBquarkse_em\fR selects the printing of
  477. special QuarkSE-EM instructions, \fBfpuda\fR selects the printing
  478. of double precision assist instructions, \fBfpus\fR selects the
  479. printing of \s-1FPU\s0 single precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions, while \fBfpud\fR
  480. selects the printing of \s-1FPU\s0 double precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions.
  481. Additionally, one can choose to have all the immediates printed in
  482. hexadecimal using \fBhex\fR. By default, the short immediates are
  483. printed using the decimal representation, while the long immediate
  484. values are printed as hexadecimal.
  485. .Sp
  486. \&\fBcpu=...\fR allows to enforce a particular \s-1ISA\s0 when disassembling
  487. instructions, overriding the \fB\-m\fR value or whatever is in the \s-1ELF\s0 file.
  488. This might be useful to select \s-1ARC EM\s0 or \s-1HS ISA,\s0 because architecture is same
  489. for those and disassembler relies on private \s-1ELF\s0 header data to decide if code
  490. is for \s-1EM\s0 or \s-1HS. \s0 This option might be specified multiple times \- only the
  491. latest value will be used. Valid values are same as for the assembler
  492. \&\fB\-mcpu=...\fR option.
  493. .Sp
  494. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch can be used to
  495. select which register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying
  496. \&\fB\-M reg-names-std\fR (the default) will select the register names as
  497. used in \s-1ARM\s0's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called
  498. \&'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying
  499. \&\fB\-M reg-names-apcs\fR will select the name set used by the \s-1ARM\s0
  500. Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying \fB\-M reg-names-raw\fR will
  501. just use \fBr\fR followed by the register number.
  502. .Sp
  503. There are also two variants on the \s-1APCS\s0 register naming scheme enabled
  504. by \fB\-M reg-names-atpcs\fR and \fB\-M reg-names-special-atpcs\fR which
  505. use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions. (Either
  506. with the normal register names or the special register names).
  507. .Sp
  508. This option can also be used for \s-1ARM\s0 architectures to force the
  509. disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by
  510. using the switch \fB\-\-disassembler\-options=force\-thumb\fR. This can be
  511. useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other
  512. compilers.
  513. .Sp
  514. For AArch64 targets this switch can be used to set whether instructions are
  515. disassembled as the most general instruction using the \fB\-M no-aliases\fR
  516. option or whether instruction notes should be generated as comments in the
  517. disasssembly using \fB\-M notes\fR.
  518. .Sp
  519. For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the \fB\-m\fR
  520. switch, but allow finer grained control.
  521. .RS 4
  522. .ie n .IP """x86\-64""" 4
  523. .el .IP "\f(CWx86\-64\fR" 4
  524. .IX Item "x86-64"
  525. .PD 0
  526. .ie n .IP """i386""" 4
  527. .el .IP "\f(CWi386\fR" 4
  528. .IX Item "i386"
  529. .ie n .IP """i8086""" 4
  530. .el .IP "\f(CWi8086\fR" 4
  531. .IX Item "i8086"
  532. .PD
  533. Select disassembly for the given architecture.
  534. .ie n .IP """intel""" 4
  535. .el .IP "\f(CWintel\fR" 4
  536. .IX Item "intel"
  537. .PD 0
  538. .ie n .IP """att""" 4
  539. .el .IP "\f(CWatt\fR" 4
  540. .IX Item "att"
  541. .PD
  542. Select between intel syntax mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 syntax mode.
  543. .ie n .IP """amd64""" 4
  544. .el .IP "\f(CWamd64\fR" 4
  545. .IX Item "amd64"
  546. .PD 0
  547. .ie n .IP """intel64""" 4
  548. .el .IP "\f(CWintel64\fR" 4
  549. .IX Item "intel64"
  550. .PD
  551. Select between \s-1AMD64 ISA\s0 and Intel64 \s-1ISA.\s0
  552. .ie n .IP """intel\-mnemonic""" 4
  553. .el .IP "\f(CWintel\-mnemonic\fR" 4
  554. .IX Item "intel-mnemonic"
  555. .PD 0
  556. .ie n .IP """att\-mnemonic""" 4
  557. .el .IP "\f(CWatt\-mnemonic\fR" 4
  558. .IX Item "att-mnemonic"
  559. .PD
  560. Select between intel mnemonic mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 mnemonic mode.
  561. Note: \f(CW\*(C`intel\-mnemonic\*(C'\fR implies \f(CW\*(C`intel\*(C'\fR and
  562. \&\f(CW\*(C`att\-mnemonic\*(C'\fR implies \f(CW\*(C`att\*(C'\fR.
  563. .ie n .IP """addr64""" 4
  564. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr64\fR" 4
  565. .IX Item "addr64"
  566. .PD 0
  567. .ie n .IP """addr32""" 4
  568. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr32\fR" 4
  569. .IX Item "addr32"
  570. .ie n .IP """addr16""" 4
  571. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr16\fR" 4
  572. .IX Item "addr16"
  573. .ie n .IP """data32""" 4
  574. .el .IP "\f(CWdata32\fR" 4
  575. .IX Item "data32"
  576. .ie n .IP """data16""" 4
  577. .el .IP "\f(CWdata16\fR" 4
  578. .IX Item "data16"
  579. .PD
  580. Specify the default address size and operand size. These five options
  581. will be overridden if \f(CW\*(C`x86\-64\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`i386\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`i8086\*(C'\fR
  582. appear later in the option string.
  583. .ie n .IP """suffix""" 4
  584. .el .IP "\f(CWsuffix\fR" 4
  585. .IX Item "suffix"
  586. When in \s-1AT&T\s0 mode and also for a limited set of instructions when in Intel
  587. mode, instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the
  588. suffix could be inferred by the operands or, for certain instructions, the
  589. execution mode's defaults.
  590. .RE
  591. .RS 4
  592. .Sp
  593. For PowerPC, the \fB\-M\fR argument \fBraw\fR selects
  594. disasssembly of hardware insns rather than aliases. For example, you
  595. will see \f(CW\*(C`rlwinm\*(C'\fR rather than \f(CW\*(C`clrlwi\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`addi\*(C'\fR
  596. rather than \f(CW\*(C`li\*(C'\fR. All of the \fB\-m\fR arguments for
  597. \&\fBgas\fR that select a \s-1CPU\s0 are supported. These are:
  598. \&\fB403\fR, \fB405\fR, \fB440\fR, \fB464\fR, \fB476\fR,
  599. \&\fB601\fR, \fB603\fR, \fB604\fR, \fB620\fR, \fB7400\fR,
  600. \&\fB7410\fR, \fB7450\fR, \fB7455\fR, \fB750cl\fR,
  601. \&\fB821\fR, \fB850\fR, \fB860\fR, \fBa2\fR, \fBbooke\fR,
  602. \&\fBbooke32\fR, \fBcell\fR, \fBcom\fR, \fBe200z4\fR,
  603. \&\fBe300\fR, \fBe500\fR, \fBe500mc\fR, \fBe500mc64\fR,
  604. \&\fBe500x2\fR, \fBe5500\fR, \fBe6500\fR, \fBefs\fR,
  605. \&\fBpower4\fR, \fBpower5\fR, \fBpower6\fR, \fBpower7\fR,
  606. \&\fBpower8\fR, \fBpower9\fR, \fBpower10\fR, \fBppc\fR,
  607. \&\fBppc32\fR, \fBppc64\fR, \fBppc64bridge\fR, \fBppcps\fR,
  608. \&\fBpwr\fR, \fBpwr2\fR, \fBpwr4\fR, \fBpwr5\fR, \fBpwr5x\fR,
  609. \&\fBpwr6\fR, \fBpwr7\fR, \fBpwr8\fR, \fBpwr9\fR, \fBpwr10\fR,
  610. \&\fBpwrx\fR, \fBtitan\fR, and \fBvle\fR.
  611. \&\fB32\fR and \fB64\fR modify the default or a prior \s-1CPU\s0
  612. selection, disabling and enabling 64\-bit insns respectively. In
  613. addition, \fBaltivec\fR, \fBany\fR, \fBhtm\fR, \fBvsx\fR,
  614. and \fBspe\fR add capabilities to a previous \fIor later\fR \s-1CPU\s0
  615. selection. \fBany\fR will disassemble any opcode known to
  616. binutils, but in cases where an opcode has two different meanings or
  617. different arguments, you may not see the disassembly you expect.
  618. If you disassemble without giving a \s-1CPU\s0 selection, a default will be
  619. chosen from information gleaned by \s-1BFD\s0 from the object files headers,
  620. but the result again may not be as you expect.
  621. .Sp
  622. For \s-1MIPS,\s0 this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic
  623. names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple
  624. selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated
  625. string, and invalid options are ignored:
  626. .ie n .IP """no\-aliases""" 4
  627. .el .IP "\f(CWno\-aliases\fR" 4
  628. .IX Item "no-aliases"
  629. Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo
  630. instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move',
  631. \&'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.
  632. .ie n .IP """msa""" 4
  633. .el .IP "\f(CWmsa\fR" 4
  634. .IX Item "msa"
  635. Disassemble \s-1MSA\s0 instructions.
  636. .ie n .IP """virt""" 4
  637. .el .IP "\f(CWvirt\fR" 4
  638. .IX Item "virt"
  639. Disassemble the virtualization \s-1ASE\s0 instructions.
  640. .ie n .IP """xpa""" 4
  641. .el .IP "\f(CWxpa\fR" 4
  642. .IX Item "xpa"
  643. Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (\s-1XPA\s0) \s-1ASE\s0 instructions.
  644. .ie n .IP """gpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4
  645. .el .IP "\f(CWgpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  646. .IX Item "gpr-names=ABI"
  647. Print \s-1GPR \s0(general-purpose register) names as appropriate
  648. for the specified \s-1ABI. \s0 By default, \s-1GPR\s0 names are selected according to
  649. the \s-1ABI\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  650. .ie n .IP """fpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4
  651. .el .IP "\f(CWfpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  652. .IX Item "fpr-names=ABI"
  653. Print \s-1FPR \s0(floating-point register) names as
  654. appropriate for the specified \s-1ABI. \s0 By default, \s-1FPR\s0 numbers are printed
  655. rather than names.
  656. .ie n .IP """cp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4
  657. .el .IP "\f(CWcp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  658. .IX Item "cp0-names=ARCH"
  659. Print \s-1CP0 \s0(system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names
  660. as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by
  661. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1CP0\s0 register names are selected according to
  662. the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  663. .ie n .IP """hwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4
  664. .el .IP "\f(CWhwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  665. .IX Item "hwr-names=ARCH"
  666. Print \s-1HWR \s0(hardware register, used by the \f(CW\*(C`rdhwr\*(C'\fR instruction) names
  667. as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by
  668. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1HWR\s0 names are selected according to
  669. the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  670. .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4
  671. .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  672. .IX Item "reg-names=ABI"
  673. Print \s-1GPR\s0 and \s-1FPR\s0 names as appropriate for the selected \s-1ABI.\s0
  674. .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4
  675. .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  676. .IX Item "reg-names=ARCH"
  677. Print CPU-specific register names (\s-1CP0\s0 register and \s-1HWR\s0 names)
  678. as appropriate for the selected \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture.
  679. .RE
  680. .RS 4
  681. .Sp
  682. For any of the options listed above, \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR or
  683. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR may be specified as \fBnumeric\fR to have numbers printed
  684. rather than names, for the selected types of registers.
  685. You can list the available values of \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR and \fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR using
  686. the \fB\-\-help\fR option.
  687. .Sp
  688. For \s-1VAX,\s0 you can specify function entry addresses with \fB\-M
  689. entry:0xf00ba\fR. You can use this multiple times to properly
  690. disassemble \s-1VAX\s0 binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like
  691. \&\s-1ROM\s0 dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise
  692. be decoded as \s-1VAX\s0 instructions, which would probably lead the rest
  693. of the function being wrongly disassembled.
  694. .RE
  695. .IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4
  696. .IX Item "-p"
  697. .PD 0
  698. .IP "\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR" 4
  699. .IX Item "--private-headers"
  700. .PD
  701. Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact
  702. information printed depends upon the object file format. For some
  703. object file formats, no additional information is printed.
  704. .IP "\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
  705. .IX Item "-P options"
  706. .PD 0
  707. .IP "\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4
  708. .IX Item "--private=options"
  709. .PD
  710. Print information that is specific to the object file format. The
  711. argument \fIoptions\fR is a comma separated list that depends on the
  712. format (the lists of options is displayed with the help).
  713. .Sp
  714. For \s-1XCOFF,\s0 the available options are:
  715. .RS 4
  716. .ie n .IP """header""" 4
  717. .el .IP "\f(CWheader\fR" 4
  718. .IX Item "header"
  719. .PD 0
  720. .ie n .IP """aout""" 4
  721. .el .IP "\f(CWaout\fR" 4
  722. .IX Item "aout"
  723. .ie n .IP """sections""" 4
  724. .el .IP "\f(CWsections\fR" 4
  725. .IX Item "sections"
  726. .ie n .IP """syms""" 4
  727. .el .IP "\f(CWsyms\fR" 4
  728. .IX Item "syms"
  729. .ie n .IP """relocs""" 4
  730. .el .IP "\f(CWrelocs\fR" 4
  731. .IX Item "relocs"
  732. .ie n .IP """lineno,""" 4
  733. .el .IP "\f(CWlineno,\fR" 4
  734. .IX Item "lineno,"
  735. .ie n .IP """loader""" 4
  736. .el .IP "\f(CWloader\fR" 4
  737. .IX Item "loader"
  738. .ie n .IP """except""" 4
  739. .el .IP "\f(CWexcept\fR" 4
  740. .IX Item "except"
  741. .ie n .IP """typchk""" 4
  742. .el .IP "\f(CWtypchk\fR" 4
  743. .IX Item "typchk"
  744. .ie n .IP """traceback""" 4
  745. .el .IP "\f(CWtraceback\fR" 4
  746. .IX Item "traceback"
  747. .ie n .IP """toc""" 4
  748. .el .IP "\f(CWtoc\fR" 4
  749. .IX Item "toc"
  750. .ie n .IP """ldinfo""" 4
  751. .el .IP "\f(CWldinfo\fR" 4
  752. .IX Item "ldinfo"
  753. .RE
  754. .RS 4
  755. .PD
  756. .Sp
  757. Not all object formats support this option. In particular the \s-1ELF\s0
  758. format does not use it.
  759. .RE
  760. .IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4
  761. .IX Item "-r"
  762. .PD 0
  763. .IP "\fB\-\-reloc\fR" 4
  764. .IX Item "--reloc"
  765. .PD
  766. Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with \fB\-d\fR or
  767. \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the
  768. disassembly.
  769. .IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4
  770. .IX Item "-R"
  771. .PD 0
  772. .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR" 4
  773. .IX Item "--dynamic-reloc"
  774. .PD
  775. Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only
  776. meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
  777. libraries. As for \fB\-r\fR, if used with \fB\-d\fR or
  778. \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the
  779. disassembly.
  780. .IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4
  781. .IX Item "-s"
  782. .PD 0
  783. .IP "\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR" 4
  784. .IX Item "--full-contents"
  785. .PD
  786. Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default all
  787. non-empty sections are displayed.
  788. .IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4
  789. .IX Item "-S"
  790. .PD 0
  791. .IP "\fB\-\-source\fR" 4
  792. .IX Item "--source"
  793. .PD
  794. Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies
  795. \&\fB\-d\fR.
  796. .IP "\fB\-\-source\-comment[=\fR\fItxt\fR\fB]\fR" 4
  797. .IX Item "--source-comment[=txt]"
  798. Like the \fB\-S\fR option, but all source code lines are displayed
  799. with a prefix of \fItxt\fR. Typically \fItxt\fR will be a comment
  800. string which can be used to distinguish the assembler code from the
  801. source code. If \fItxt\fR is not provided then a default string of
  802. \&\fI\*(L"# \*(R"\fR (hash followed by a space), will be used.
  803. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR" 4
  804. .IX Item "--prefix=prefix"
  805. Specify \fIprefix\fR to add to the absolute paths when used with
  806. \&\fB\-S\fR.
  807. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR" 4
  808. .IX Item "--prefix-strip=level"
  809. Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired
  810. absolute paths. It has no effect without \fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR.
  811. .IP "\fB\-\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4
  812. .IX Item "--show-raw-insn"
  813. When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as
  814. in symbolic form. This is the default except when
  815. \&\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.
  816. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4
  817. .IX Item "--no-show-raw-insn"
  818. When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes.
  819. This is the default when \fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.
  820. .IP "\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4
  821. .IX Item "--insn-width=width"
  822. Display \fIwidth\fR bytes on a single line when disassembling
  823. instructions.
  824. .IP "\fB\-\-visualize\-jumps[=color|=extended\-color|=off]\fR" 4
  825. .IX Item "--visualize-jumps[=color|=extended-color|=off]"
  826. Visualize jumps that stay inside a function by drawing \s-1ASCII\s0 art between
  827. the start and target addresses. The optional \fB=color\fR argument
  828. adds color to the output using simple terminal colors. Alternatively
  829. the \fB=extended\-color\fR argument will add color using 8bit
  830. colors, but these might not work on all terminals.
  831. .Sp
  832. If it is necessary to disable the \fBvisualize-jumps\fR option
  833. after it has previously been enabled then use
  834. \&\fBvisualize\-jumps=off\fR.
  835. .IP "\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAckK]\fR" 4
  836. .IX Item "-W[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAckK]"
  837. .PD 0
  838. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=str\-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow\-links]\fR" 4
  839. .IX Item "--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]"
  840. .PD
  841. Displays the contents of the \s-1DWARF\s0 debug sections in the file, if any
  842. are present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed
  843. (temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the
  844. optional letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s)
  845. of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following
  846. information:
  847. .RS 4
  848. .ie n .IP """a""" 4
  849. .el .IP "\f(CWa\fR" 4
  850. .IX Item "a"
  851. .PD 0
  852. .ie n .IP """=abbrev""" 4
  853. .el .IP "\f(CW=abbrev\fR" 4
  854. .IX Item "=abbrev"
  855. .PD
  856. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_abbrev\fR section.
  857. .ie n .IP """A""" 4
  858. .el .IP "\f(CWA\fR" 4
  859. .IX Item "A"
  860. .PD 0
  861. .ie n .IP """=addr""" 4
  862. .el .IP "\f(CW=addr\fR" 4
  863. .IX Item "=addr"
  864. .PD
  865. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_addr\fR section.
  866. .ie n .IP """c""" 4
  867. .el .IP "\f(CWc\fR" 4
  868. .IX Item "c"
  869. .PD 0
  870. .ie n .IP """=cu_index""" 4
  871. .el .IP "\f(CW=cu_index\fR" 4
  872. .IX Item "=cu_index"
  873. .PD
  874. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_cu_index\fR and/or
  875. \&\fB.debug_tu_index\fR sections.
  876. .ie n .IP """f""" 4
  877. .el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4
  878. .IX Item "f"
  879. .PD 0
  880. .ie n .IP """=frames""" 4
  881. .el .IP "\f(CW=frames\fR" 4
  882. .IX Item "=frames"
  883. .PD
  884. Display the raw contents of a \fB.debug_frame\fR section.
  885. .ie n .IP """F""" 4
  886. .el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4
  887. .IX Item "F"
  888. .PD 0
  889. .ie n .IP """=frame\-interp""" 4
  890. .el .IP "\f(CW=frame\-interp\fR" 4
  891. .IX Item "=frame-interp"
  892. .PD
  893. Display the interpreted contents of a \fB.debug_frame\fR section.
  894. .ie n .IP """g""" 4
  895. .el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4
  896. .IX Item "g"
  897. .PD 0
  898. .ie n .IP """=gdb_index""" 4
  899. .el .IP "\f(CW=gdb_index\fR" 4
  900. .IX Item "=gdb_index"
  901. .PD
  902. Displays the contents of the \fB.gdb_index\fR and/or
  903. \&\fB.debug_names\fR sections.
  904. .ie n .IP """i""" 4
  905. .el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4
  906. .IX Item "i"
  907. .PD 0
  908. .ie n .IP """=info""" 4
  909. .el .IP "\f(CW=info\fR" 4
  910. .IX Item "=info"
  911. .PD
  912. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_info\fR section. Note: the
  913. output from this option can also be restricted by the use of the
  914. \&\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR and \fB\-\-dwarf\-start\fR options.
  915. .ie n .IP """k""" 4
  916. .el .IP "\f(CWk\fR" 4
  917. .IX Item "k"
  918. .PD 0
  919. .ie n .IP """=links""" 4
  920. .el .IP "\f(CW=links\fR" 4
  921. .IX Item "=links"
  922. .PD
  923. Displays the contents of the \fB.gnu_debuglink\fR and/or
  924. \&\fB.gnu_debugaltlink\fR sections. Also displays any links to
  925. separate dwarf object files (dwo), if they are specified by the
  926. DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or DW_AT_dwo_name attributes in the
  927. \&\fB.debug_info\fR section.
  928. .ie n .IP """K""" 4
  929. .el .IP "\f(CWK\fR" 4
  930. .IX Item "K"
  931. .PD 0
  932. .ie n .IP """=follow\-links""" 4
  933. .el .IP "\f(CW=follow\-links\fR" 4
  934. .IX Item "=follow-links"
  935. .PD
  936. Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in
  937. linked, separate debug info file(s). This can result in multiple
  938. versions of the same debug section being displayed if it exists in
  939. more than one file.
  940. .Sp
  941. In addition, when displaying \s-1DWARF\s0 attributes, if a form is found that
  942. references the separate debug info file, then the referenced contents
  943. will also be displayed.
  944. .ie n .IP """l""" 4
  945. .el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4
  946. .IX Item "l"
  947. .PD 0
  948. .ie n .IP """=rawline""" 4
  949. .el .IP "\f(CW=rawline\fR" 4
  950. .IX Item "=rawline"
  951. .PD
  952. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_line\fR section in a raw
  953. format.
  954. .ie n .IP """L""" 4
  955. .el .IP "\f(CWL\fR" 4
  956. .IX Item "L"
  957. .PD 0
  958. .ie n .IP """=decodedline""" 4
  959. .el .IP "\f(CW=decodedline\fR" 4
  960. .IX Item "=decodedline"
  961. .PD
  962. Displays the interpreted contents of the \fB.debug_line\fR section.
  963. .ie n .IP """m""" 4
  964. .el .IP "\f(CWm\fR" 4
  965. .IX Item "m"
  966. .PD 0
  967. .ie n .IP """=macro""" 4
  968. .el .IP "\f(CW=macro\fR" 4
  969. .IX Item "=macro"
  970. .PD
  971. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_macro\fR and/or
  972. \&\fB.debug_macinfo\fR sections.
  973. .ie n .IP """o""" 4
  974. .el .IP "\f(CWo\fR" 4
  975. .IX Item "o"
  976. .PD 0
  977. .ie n .IP """=loc""" 4
  978. .el .IP "\f(CW=loc\fR" 4
  979. .IX Item "=loc"
  980. .PD
  981. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_loc\fR and/or
  982. \&\fB.debug_loclists\fR sections.
  983. .ie n .IP """O""" 4
  984. .el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4
  985. .IX Item "O"
  986. .PD 0
  987. .ie n .IP """=str\-offsets""" 4
  988. .el .IP "\f(CW=str\-offsets\fR" 4
  989. .IX Item "=str-offsets"
  990. .PD
  991. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_str_offsets\fR section.
  992. .ie n .IP """p""" 4
  993. .el .IP "\f(CWp\fR" 4
  994. .IX Item "p"
  995. .PD 0
  996. .ie n .IP """=pubnames""" 4
  997. .el .IP "\f(CW=pubnames\fR" 4
  998. .IX Item "=pubnames"
  999. .PD
  1000. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_pubnames\fR and/or
  1001. \&\fB.debug_gnu_pubnames\fR sections.
  1002. .ie n .IP """r""" 4
  1003. .el .IP "\f(CWr\fR" 4
  1004. .IX Item "r"
  1005. .PD 0
  1006. .ie n .IP """=aranges""" 4
  1007. .el .IP "\f(CW=aranges\fR" 4
  1008. .IX Item "=aranges"
  1009. .PD
  1010. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_aranges\fR section.
  1011. .ie n .IP """R""" 4
  1012. .el .IP "\f(CWR\fR" 4
  1013. .IX Item "R"
  1014. .PD 0
  1015. .ie n .IP """=Ranges""" 4
  1016. .el .IP "\f(CW=Ranges\fR" 4
  1017. .IX Item "=Ranges"
  1018. .PD
  1019. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_ranges\fR and/or
  1020. \&\fB.debug_rnglists\fR sections.
  1021. .ie n .IP """s""" 4
  1022. .el .IP "\f(CWs\fR" 4
  1023. .IX Item "s"
  1024. .PD 0
  1025. .ie n .IP """=str""" 4
  1026. .el .IP "\f(CW=str\fR" 4
  1027. .IX Item "=str"
  1028. .PD
  1029. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_str\fR, \fB.debug_line_str\fR
  1030. and/or \fB.debug_str_offsets\fR sections.
  1031. .ie n .IP """t""" 4
  1032. .el .IP "\f(CWt\fR" 4
  1033. .IX Item "t"
  1034. .PD 0
  1035. .ie n .IP """=pubtype""" 4
  1036. .el .IP "\f(CW=pubtype\fR" 4
  1037. .IX Item "=pubtype"
  1038. .PD
  1039. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_pubtypes\fR and/or
  1040. \&\fB.debug_gnu_pubtypes\fR sections.
  1041. .ie n .IP """T""" 4
  1042. .el .IP "\f(CWT\fR" 4
  1043. .IX Item "T"
  1044. .PD 0
  1045. .ie n .IP """=trace_aranges""" 4
  1046. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_aranges\fR" 4
  1047. .IX Item "=trace_aranges"
  1048. .PD
  1049. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_aranges\fR section.
  1050. .ie n .IP """u""" 4
  1051. .el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4
  1052. .IX Item "u"
  1053. .PD 0
  1054. .ie n .IP """=trace_abbrev""" 4
  1055. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_abbrev\fR" 4
  1056. .IX Item "=trace_abbrev"
  1057. .PD
  1058. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_abbrev\fR section.
  1059. .ie n .IP """U""" 4
  1060. .el .IP "\f(CWU\fR" 4
  1061. .IX Item "U"
  1062. .PD 0
  1063. .ie n .IP """=trace_info""" 4
  1064. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_info\fR" 4
  1065. .IX Item "=trace_info"
  1066. .PD
  1067. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_info\fR section.
  1068. .RE
  1069. .RS 4
  1070. .Sp
  1071. Note: displaying the contents of \fB.debug_static_funcs\fR,
  1072. \&\fB.debug_static_vars\fR and \fBdebug_weaknames\fR sections is not
  1073. currently supported.
  1074. .RE
  1075. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR" 4
  1076. .IX Item "--dwarf-depth=n"
  1077. Limit the dump of the \f(CW\*(C`.debug_info\*(C'\fR section to \fIn\fR children.
  1078. This is only useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR. The default is
  1079. to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for \fIn\fR will also have this
  1080. effect.
  1081. .Sp
  1082. With a non-zero value for \fIn\fR, DIEs at or deeper than \fIn\fR
  1083. levels will not be printed. The range for \fIn\fR is zero-based.
  1084. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR" 4
  1085. .IX Item "--dwarf-start=n"
  1086. Print only DIEs beginning with the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. This is only
  1087. useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR.
  1088. .Sp
  1089. If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
  1090. information and all DIEs before the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. Only
  1091. siblings and children of the specified \s-1DIE\s0 will be printed.
  1092. .Sp
  1093. This can be used in conjunction with \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR.
  1094. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-check\fR" 4
  1095. .IX Item "--dwarf-check"
  1096. Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information.
  1097. .IP "\fB\-\-ctf=\fR\fIsection\fR" 4
  1098. .IX Item "--ctf=section"
  1099. Display the contents of the specified \s-1CTF\s0 section. \s-1CTF\s0 sections themselves
  1100. contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.
  1101. .IP "\fB\-\-ctf\-parent=\fR\fIsection\fR" 4
  1102. .IX Item "--ctf-parent=section"
  1103. Specify the name of another section from which the \s-1CTF\s0 dictionary can inherit
  1104. types. (If none is specified, we assume the \s-1CTF\s0 dictionary inherits types
  1105. from the default-named member of the archive contained within this section.)
  1106. .IP "\fB\-G\fR" 4
  1107. .IX Item "-G"
  1108. .PD 0
  1109. .IP "\fB\-\-stabs\fR" 4
  1110. .IX Item "--stabs"
  1111. .PD
  1112. Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the
  1113. contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an
  1114. \&\s-1ELF\s0 file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which
  1115. \&\f(CW\*(C`.stab\*(C'\fR debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an \s-1ELF\s0
  1116. section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are
  1117. interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the \fB\-\-syms\fR
  1118. output.
  1119. .IP "\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4
  1120. .IX Item "--start-address=address"
  1121. Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output
  1122. of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.
  1123. .IP "\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4
  1124. .IX Item "--stop-address=address"
  1125. Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output
  1126. of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.
  1127. .IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4
  1128. .IX Item "-t"
  1129. .PD 0
  1130. .IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4
  1131. .IX Item "--syms"
  1132. .PD
  1133. Print the symbol table entries of the file.
  1134. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR program,
  1135. although the display format is different. The format of the output
  1136. depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main
  1137. types. One looks like this:
  1138. .Sp
  1139. .Vb 2
  1140. \& [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss
  1141. \& [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred
  1142. .Ve
  1143. .Sp
  1144. where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry
  1145. in the symbol table, the \fIsec\fR number is the section number, the
  1146. \&\fIfl\fR value are the symbol's flag bits, the \fIty\fR number is the
  1147. symbol's type, the \fIscl\fR number is the symbol's storage class and
  1148. the \fInx\fR value is the number of auxilary entries associated with
  1149. the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name.
  1150. .Sp
  1151. The other common output format, usually seen with \s-1ELF\s0 based files,
  1152. looks like this:
  1153. .Sp
  1154. .Vb 2
  1155. \& 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss
  1156. \& 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred
  1157. .Ve
  1158. .Sp
  1159. Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as
  1160. its address). The next field is actually a set of characters and
  1161. spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These
  1162. characters are described below. Next is the section with which the
  1163. symbol is associated or \fI*ABS*\fR if the section is absolute (ie
  1164. not connected with any section), or \fI*UND*\fR if the section is
  1165. referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there.
  1166. .Sp
  1167. After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common
  1168. symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally
  1169. the symbol's name is displayed.
  1170. .Sp
  1171. The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:
  1172. .RS 4
  1173. .ie n .IP """l""" 4
  1174. .el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4
  1175. .IX Item "l"
  1176. .PD 0
  1177. .ie n .IP """g""" 4
  1178. .el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4
  1179. .IX Item "g"
  1180. .ie n .IP """u""" 4
  1181. .el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4
  1182. .IX Item "u"
  1183. .ie n .IP """!""" 4
  1184. .el .IP "\f(CW!\fR" 4
  1185. .IX Item "!"
  1186. .PD
  1187. The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither
  1188. global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!). A
  1189. symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g.,
  1190. because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of
  1191. a bug if it is ever both local and global. Unique global symbols are
  1192. a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings. For such
  1193. a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process
  1194. there is just one symbol with this name and type in use.
  1195. .ie n .IP """w""" 4
  1196. .el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4
  1197. .IX Item "w"
  1198. The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).
  1199. .ie n .IP """C""" 4
  1200. .el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4
  1201. .IX Item "C"
  1202. The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space).
  1203. .ie n .IP """W""" 4
  1204. .el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4
  1205. .IX Item "W"
  1206. The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning
  1207. symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the
  1208. warning symbol is ever referenced.
  1209. .ie n .IP """I""" 4
  1210. .el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4
  1211. .IX Item "I"
  1212. .PD 0
  1213. .ie n .IP """i""" 4
  1214. .el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4
  1215. .IX Item "i"
  1216. .PD
  1217. The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function
  1218. to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a
  1219. space).
  1220. .ie n .IP """d""" 4
  1221. .el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4
  1222. .IX Item "d"
  1223. .PD 0
  1224. .ie n .IP """D""" 4
  1225. .el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4
  1226. .IX Item "D"
  1227. .PD
  1228. The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a
  1229. normal symbol (a space).
  1230. .ie n .IP """F""" 4
  1231. .el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4
  1232. .IX Item "F"
  1233. .PD 0
  1234. .ie n .IP """f""" 4
  1235. .el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4
  1236. .IX Item "f"
  1237. .ie n .IP """O""" 4
  1238. .el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4
  1239. .IX Item "O"
  1240. .PD
  1241. The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object
  1242. (O) or just a normal symbol (a space).
  1243. .RE
  1244. .RS 4
  1245. .RE
  1246. .IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4
  1247. .IX Item "-T"
  1248. .PD 0
  1249. .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR" 4
  1250. .IX Item "--dynamic-syms"
  1251. .PD
  1252. Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only
  1253. meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
  1254. libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR
  1255. program when given the \fB\-D\fR (\fB\-\-dynamic\fR) option.
  1256. .Sp
  1257. The output format is similar to that produced by the \fB\-\-syms\fR
  1258. option, except that an extra field is inserted before the symbol's
  1259. name, giving the version information associated with the symbol.
  1260. If the version is the default version to be used when resolving
  1261. unversioned references to the symbol then it's displayed as is,
  1262. otherwise it's put into parentheses.
  1263. .IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4
  1264. .IX Item "--special-syms"
  1265. When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be
  1266. special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the
  1267. user.
  1268. .IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4
  1269. .IX Item "-V"
  1270. .PD 0
  1271. .IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4
  1272. .IX Item "--version"
  1273. .PD
  1274. Print the version number of \fBobjdump\fR and exit.
  1275. .IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4
  1276. .IX Item "-x"
  1277. .PD 0
  1278. .IP "\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR" 4
  1279. .IX Item "--all-headers"
  1280. .PD
  1281. Display all available header information, including the symbol table and
  1282. relocation entries. Using \fB\-x\fR is equivalent to specifying all of
  1283. \&\fB\-a \-f \-h \-p \-r \-t\fR.
  1284. .IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4
  1285. .IX Item "-w"
  1286. .PD 0
  1287. .IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4
  1288. .IX Item "--wide"
  1289. .PD
  1290. Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns.
  1291. Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed.
  1292. .IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4
  1293. .IX Item "-z"
  1294. .PD 0
  1295. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR" 4
  1296. .IX Item "--disassemble-zeroes"
  1297. .PD
  1298. Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This
  1299. option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like
  1300. any other data.
  1301. .IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4
  1302. .IX Item "@file"
  1303. Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are
  1304. inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR
  1305. does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
  1306. literally, and not removed.
  1307. .Sp
  1308. Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
  1309. character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
  1310. option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
  1311. backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
  1312. with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional
  1313. @\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.
  1314. .SH "SEE ALSO"
  1315. .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
  1316. \&\fInm\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.
  1317. .SH "COPYRIGHT"
  1318. .IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
  1319. Copyright (c) 1991\-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  1320. .PP
  1321. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
  1322. under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
  1323. or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
  1324. with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
  1325. Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
  1326. section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".